#: locale=en
## Tour
### Description
tour.description = Tata Madiba Exhibition
### Title
tour.name = IZIKO - Tata Madiba Exhibition
## Skin
### Button
Button_CBB29400_C55B_7479_41E5_46188ADA8A66.label = Z
Button_CBB29400_C55B_7479_41E5_46188ADA8A66_mobile.label = Z
### Label
Label_BDC40EC8_8C24_895B_41E0_F68EE10B2C03.text = Help
Label_BDC40EC8_8C24_895B_41E0_F68EE10B2C03_mobile.text = Help
### Tooltip
Button_CBB29400_C55B_7479_41E5_46188ADA8A66.toolTip = zamaniproject.org
Button_CBB29400_C55B_7479_41E5_46188ADA8A66_mobile.toolTip = zamaniproject.org
IconButton_0C4DF133_0198_76DC_4166_4B85C600E0A4.toolTip = Hotspots icons on/off
IconButton_26599A4A_317E_DE08_41C5_3183F69236A9.toolTip = Zoom in
IconButton_26716DF1_317E_DA18_41C2_DA5EADF9F636.toolTip = Zoom out
IconButton_3A48D230_06D1_CC19_4192_DB749CA183B2.toolTip = Map on / off
IconButton_3A48D230_06D1_CC19_4192_DB749CA183B2_mobile.toolTip = Toggle MapViewer On / Off
IconButton_D558F8A2_FEE8_4BDC_41EC_6E7DECB36163.toolTip = Back to the start
IconButton_DC547CE7_C442_938E_41D9_3996949FF76D.toolTip = Share tour on Facebook
IconButton_DC547CE7_C442_938E_41D9_3996949FF76D_mobile.toolTip = Share tour on Facebook
IconButton_DDF1276B_C447_BE82_41BE_EECF8CC4C764.toolTip = Share tour on Google+
IconButton_DDF1276B_C447_BE82_41BE_EECF8CC4C764_mobile.toolTip = Share tour on Google+
IconButton_DDFC9220_C446_96BD_418D_9DC00D729A8C.toolTip = Share tour on Twitter
IconButton_DDFC9220_C446_96BD_418D_9DC00D729A8C_mobile.toolTip = Share tour on Twitter
IconButton_E3B6AD86_FC7E_4EA5_41AE_2074B563D148.toolTip = Toggle Navigation Hotspots On/Off
IconButton_F181E946_FC0C_93A4_41EC_B022AB7CCEB4.toolTip = How to navigate in the Panorama Tour
IconButton_F1867E3A_FC0B_B1EC_41E9_51941464319E.toolTip = How to navigate in the Panorama Tour
## Media
### Title
album_5B96B35B_4F0A_CD47_41C9_5448132F4855.label = Photo Album Drawer
album_84ABA996_B028_2CEE_41D1_1162212F30E7.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 3
album_84BF0463_B64D_3AE8_41D2_39BA970184C4.label = Photo Album AfrikArtboard 9
album_84BF0463_B64D_3AE8_41D2_39BA970184C4_1.label = Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
album_92A54FF2_B64D_05EB_41E3_56E1B7C80A4E.label = Photo Album AfrikArtboard 3
album_932BBA7D_B675_0ED8_41E0_CC59D9DD5D40.label = Photo Album 1Artboard 5
album_9A0893B0_B675_1E67_41E1_3A6AF6A08535.label = Photo Album Afrikaans 7
album_9B2A67D3_B67D_0628_41E5_E31ADDCF8BF8.label = Photo Album AfrikArtboard 6
album_9B6E523B_B655_1E58_41D4_D3856CABBB60.label = Photo Album AfrikArtboard 10
album_9C011D8F_B675_0A38_41E6_6745247D8F18.label = Photo Album AfrikArtboard 4
album_9D9C3553_B64B_1A28_41DB_5B86F32CF356.label = Photo Album 1EArtboard 8
album_9E9642F0_B657_7FE8_41E6_094FD825E58B.label = Photo Album Eng Artboard 2
album_A8A6EC6B_B078_E426_41C6_08BDE145E8B0.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 1
album_ADC5EF3D_B028_2422_41A9_69FC9BBDDED9.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 2
album_D069FEC6_B028_646E_41B2_DF7CCF75BED1.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 11
album_D0AB1B28_B038_6C22_41E4_F32F05F1ECE1.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 10
album_DB652C3B_C63D_F5DF_41E1_727480AEDA39.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 4
album_EA282F62_B039_E426_41C4_8CFA98C1420E.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 9
album_ED65E5C6_B028_E46E_41D4_2B01A1EBD1FE.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 8
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A.label = Photo Album 1 Bio
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_0.label = 1/4
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_1.label = 2/4
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_10.label = 3/4
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_11.label = 4/4 - Click next for English translation
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_2.label = 3/4
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_3.label = 4/4 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_4.label = 1/4
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_5.label = 2/4
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_6.label = 3/4
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_7.label = 4/4 - Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_8.label = 1/4
album_F08C843A_E08E_B907_41E6_AC67A01F441A_9.label = 2/4
album_F199B43A_B078_2426_41E5_C25C9C7C8107.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 5
album_F4EBE688_B058_64E2_41D6_D6B6374F6338.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 6
album_F933C35F_B028_3C1E_41D3_A2D85601CBD1.label = Photo Album Wall 2 - 7
album_FAF3A24B_E09A_3375_41CF_A49B332013E2.label = Photo Album Talk Back
album_FAF3A24B_E09A_3375_41CF_A49B332013E2_0.label = 5/6
album_FAF3A24B_E09A_3375_41CF_A49B332013E2_1.label = 1/6
album_FAF3A24B_E09A_3375_41CF_A49B332013E2_2.label = 4/6
album_FAF3A24B_E09A_3375_41CF_A49B332013E2_3.label = 3/6
album_FAF3A24B_E09A_3375_41CF_A49B332013E2_4.label = 2/6
album_FAF3A24B_E09A_3375_41CF_A49B332013E2_5.label = 6/6
map_262B8515_345A_7D21_41A2_996CF14CA77D.label = Tata Madiba UI _Floor Plan (Medium)
panorama_3DB706B0_2715_3100_4173_954414B287F0.label = FRT_2447 Panorama
panorama_84B49B0C_8404_CB3E_41AA_44C7CE5593D0.label = FRT_2384 Panorama
panorama_862DF9CA_840D_573A_41E0_A7BA07792564.label = FRT_2315 Panorama - iMadiba Center
panorama_86C19EF2_8404_CAEA_41DD_63767549F203.label = FRT_2039 Panorama
panorama_872DBCAC_8405_CD7E_419C_A9472EAA9E1A.label = FRT_2090 Panorama
panorama_8739C314_841C_FB2E_41DE_9C6B6A3776FA.label = FRT_2360 Panorama
panorama_87818AF9_8405_4AE6_41D5_DEA98B41EE77.label = FRT_2111 Panorama
panorama_87972ED7_840D_4D2A_41E4_2B51599F96EE.label = NEw Pano 1 6000x3000
panorama_87B14F00_8405_4B26_41D9_3AD2AED698D9.label = FRT_2405 Panorama
panorama_89E4F554_8403_BF2E_41CB_3822B30246C3.label = NEw Pano 2
panorama_9F1071EF_AE9B_8BD2_41D2_10EEA1B6340F.label = FRT_2339 Panorama
panorama_A224EB1E_AFEE_A5D4_41C6_9E34CF718C7B.label = FRT_2294 Panorama_TV_iziko_T5_iMadiba_bubbles
panorama_AC9CF298_BC2B_E411_41DB_9CB4BC80F7D3.label = FRT_2426 Panorama
panorama_B2A43FB8_BC29_BC11_41A1_486B2A237917.label = FRT_2564 Panorama
panorama_FEADB773_DFFC_545D_41E7_BBE85B015A3F.label = FRT_2468 Panorama (USE)
photo_0833F6BC_1D59_5425_41AF_AA3D028FDBF2.label = generalBadges2_smaller
photo_48CA36AF_05EB_EA7B_418F_ECEE89594083.label = Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_48CA36AF_05EB_EA7B_418F_ECEE89594083.label = Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_4C65A89C_05EB_E65E_4183_C3C867CE2DF9.label = Klik volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_4C65A89C_05EB_E65E_4183_C3C867CE2DF9.label = Klik volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_4C692A48_05EB_DA25_4191_CE2C6200E432.label = Click next for English translation
photo_4C692A48_05EB_DA25_4191_CE2C6200E432.label = Click next for English translation
photo_879D831B_843D_74B9_41D7_F66DA510D35E.label = 90_133 Bob Gosani_Mandela and Boloi 1
photo_A433B5B3_BB4C_67FE_41A4_F7A431522652.label = NE1_3687
photo_A572D564_BB5C_249A_41E4_3966E0672466.label = FRT_1966
photo_A58D2BEB_BB54_236E_41C7_93EBC958F6C9.label = 2005_6
photo_C32107B1_E025_40A3_41E4_49EDF890F0D3.label = Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_C32107B1_E025_40A3_41E4_49EDF890F0D3.label = Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_C3215DC4_E026_C0E1_41E8_B9FFDDC49F9D.label = 1/3
photo_C3215DC4_E026_C0E1_41E8_B9FFDDC49F9D.label = 1/3
photo_C322B413_E0DE_C767_41D1_4E1E5146670B.label = 2/3
photo_C322B413_E0DE_C767_41D1_4E1E5146670B.label = 2/3
photo_C322F5EB_E0DE_C0A0_41E7_3CBA9CD987C8.label = 3/3 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_C322F5EB_E0DE_C0A0_41E7_3CBA9CD987C8.label = 3/3 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_C3381312_E025_4161_41E6_3423E8466847.label = 2/4
photo_C3381312_E025_4161_41E6_3423E8466847.label = 2/4
photo_C33825EB_E025_40A7_41E2_F7629EAFB453.label = 4/4 - Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_C33825EB_E025_40A7_41E2_F7629EAFB453.label = 4/4 - Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_C33BD131_E025_41A3_41EA_1710CC0ED609.label = 1/4
photo_C33BD131_E025_41A3_41EA_1710CC0ED609.label = 1/4
photo_C33BD480_E025_4761_41C0_714FDE665A05.label = 3/4
photo_C33BD480_E025_4761_41C0_714FDE665A05.label = 3/4
photo_C33BFFBB_E026_C0A0_41C6_D7F12CA9309F.label = 3/3 - Click next for English translation
photo_C33BFFBB_E026_C0A0_41C6_D7F12CA9309F.label = 3/3 - Click next for English translation
photo_C37AC3BE_E02B_C0A1_41E0_593846C04EE2.label = 1/2
photo_C37AC3BE_E02B_C0A1_41E0_593846C04EE2.label = 1/2
photo_C37BD530_E02B_C1A1_41E8_766ED3C822AE.label = 2/2 - Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_C37BD530_E02B_C1A1_41E8_766ED3C822AE.label = 2/2 - Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_C413820E_E0DE_C360_41D3_494FC019F7E4.label = 1/3
photo_C413820E_E0DE_C360_41D3_494FC019F7E4.label = 1/3
photo_C4872189_E02B_C163_41E1_21FD527CCFAD.label = 1/2
photo_C4872189_E02B_C163_41E1_21FD527CCFAD.label = 1/2
photo_C5FE0C06_E026_C761_41E1_6FE38EA86262.label = 2/3
photo_C5FE0C06_E026_C761_41E1_6FE38EA86262.label = 2/3
photo_C655D620_E025_43A0_41D7_54114ED8652D.label = Click next for English translation
photo_C655D620_E025_43A0_41D7_54114ED8652D.label = Click next for English translation
photo_C713AB62_E0E7_41A1_41DD_87658AC0270B.label = 1/2
photo_C713AB62_E0E7_41A1_41DD_87658AC0270B.label = 1/2
photo_C713F9E4_E0E7_40A1_41DE_CCD3A4B63310.label = 2/2 - Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_C713F9E4_E0E7_40A1_41DE_CCD3A4B63310.label = 2/2 - Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_C7CAC859_E0E7_4FE3_41E8_38154DBC0E52.label = 2/2 - Click next for English translation
photo_C7CAC859_E0E7_4FE3_41E8_38154DBC0E52.label = 2/2 - Click next for English translation
photo_CBC114C3_DFDA_C0E7_41DF_12FFCB67ED4A.label = Drawer 1 (1/4)
photo_CBC114C3_DFDA_C0E7_41DF_12FFCB67ED4A.label = Drawer 1 (1/4)
photo_CD9ED6A9_E0E7_40A3_41E3_840DF3704438.label = 1/2
photo_CD9ED6A9_E0E7_40A3_41E3_840DF3704438.label = 1/2
photo_CDD8E07D_DFDB_3FA3_41DD_7968FC9FC430.label = Drawer 4 (2/5)
photo_CDD8E07D_DFDB_3FA3_41DD_7968FC9FC430.label = Drawer 4 (2/5)
photo_CDD8F250_DFDB_43E0_41DE_AC5019EE7DFC.label = Drawer 4 (4/5)
photo_CDD8F250_DFDB_43E0_41DE_AC5019EE7DFC.label = Drawer 4 (4/5)
photo_CDD90DA5_DFDA_C0A0_41E8_5CF29B705C50.label = Drawer 3 (1/3)
photo_CDD90DA5_DFDA_C0A0_41E8_5CF29B705C50.label = Drawer 3 (1/3)
photo_CDD91BC6_DFDA_C0E1_41C4_A123BFC33A42.label = Drawer 2 (4/5)
photo_CDD91BC6_DFDA_C0E1_41C4_A123BFC33A42.label = Drawer 2 (4/5)
photo_CDD929E2_DFDA_C0A1_41DA_304DD5BB43FA.label = Drawer 2 (2/5)
photo_CDD929E2_DFDA_C0A1_41DA_304DD5BB43FA.label = Drawer 2 (2/5)
photo_CDD92CB2_DFDA_C0A1_41C1_96F948688607.label = Drawer 2 (5/5)
photo_CDD92CB2_DFDA_C0A1_41C1_96F948688607.label = Drawer 2 (5/5)
photo_CDD92E8E_DFDA_C361_41C6_DCD0DA06ADF7.label = Drawer 3 (3/3)
photo_CDD92E8E_DFDA_C361_41C6_DCD0DA06ADF7.label = Drawer 3 (3/3)
photo_CDD93816_DFDA_CF61_41CC_2ECD3D64B73D.label = Drawer 2 (1/5)
photo_CDD93816_DFDA_CF61_41CC_2ECD3D64B73D.label = Drawer 2 (1/5)
photo_CDD938F7_DFDA_C0A0_41C2_E10E54EF96B0.label = Drawer 1 (4/4)
photo_CDD938F7_DFDA_C0A0_41C2_E10E54EF96B0.label = Drawer 1 (4/4)
photo_CDD93AE5_DFDA_C0A3_41E3_ECB1A98BDCFC.label = Drawer 2 (3/5)
photo_CDD93AE5_DFDA_C0A3_41E3_ECB1A98BDCFC.label = Drawer 2 (3/5)
photo_CDD95696_DFDA_C361_41E2_3E3C163E86D1.label = Drawer 1 (3/4)
photo_CDD95696_DFDA_C361_41E2_3E3C163E86D1.label = Drawer 1 (3/4)
photo_CDDEFF7A_DFDA_C1A1_41E3_48639FB0A250.label = Drawer 3 (2/3)
photo_CDDEFF7A_DFDA_C1A1_41E3_48639FB0A250.label = Drawer 3 (2/3)
photo_CDDF1169_DFDB_41A0_41D2_938D8D0C36AB.label = Drawer 4 (3/5)
photo_CDDF1169_DFDB_41A0_41D2_938D8D0C36AB.label = Drawer 4 (3/5)
photo_CDDF2339_DFDB_41A0_41D6_A7C44C4A5D30.label = Drawer 4 (5/5)
photo_CDDF2339_DFDB_41A0_41D6_A7C44C4A5D30.label = Drawer 4 (5/5)
photo_CDDF65B0_DFDA_C0A0_41E9_9F9FE58E2548.label = Drawer 1 (2/4)
photo_CDDF65B0_DFDA_C0A0_41E9_9F9FE58E2548.label = Drawer 1 (2/4)
photo_CE499162_C1BC_F7F6_41E5_2CFB29BD7897.label = 2/3
photo_CE499162_C1BC_F7F6_41E5_2CFB29BD7897.label = 2/3
photo_CE49E32F_C1BC_FB4E_41E5_71BCD871D29F.label = 3/3 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_CE49E32F_C1BC_FB4E_41E5_71BCD871D29F.label = 3/3 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_D01041CF_C454_76EA_41D9_8D398F7B67CB.label = Drawer 4 (1/5)
photo_D01041CF_C454_76EA_41D9_8D398F7B67CB.label = Drawer 4 (1/5)
photo_D0D53F60_C1BC_8BF2_419E_2807490AD937.label = 1/3
photo_D0D53F60_C1BC_8BF2_419E_2807490AD937.label = 1/3
photo_D28B5951_C60D_3FAB_41DB_14A0E3497DEB.label = Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_D28C8A4A_C60D_3DB9_41CF_E56E6EB8CF4B.label = Click next for English translation
photo_D33A36D7_C1B5_BADE_41DF_45A26DD68F0D.label = 2/2 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_D33A36D7_C1B5_BADE_41DF_45A26DD68F0D.label = 2/2 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_D3EA7836_C60D_3DE9_41D1_E3C3F6F4A0EC.label = Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_D45E3CF0_C1D5_8ED2_41E5_92E32CDF9C65.label = 2/2 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_D45E3CF0_C1D5_8ED2_41E5_92E32CDF9C65.label = 2/2 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_D4B8C05D_C1D4_95D2_41A7_5B6171FECA6F.label = 1/3
photo_D4B8C05D_C1D4_95D2_41A7_5B6171FECA6F.label = 1/3
photo_D4D6993C_C60B_3FD9_41DD_8DE94BF9EB5E.label = Badges1_small
photo_D510B530_C454_BFB6_41E6_F43E53D84A51.label = 2
photo_D512A6E3_C454_BADB_41E6_E6DEF1FA71DA.label = Kliek volgende vir Afrikaanse vertaling
photo_D5AE1484_C1B5_BD32_41AF_CE7B7807867F.label = 1/2
photo_D5AE1484_C1B5_BD32_41AF_CE7B7807867F.label = 1/2
photo_D5C91A9F_C1D4_954E_41C8_BCAE71E1B62B.label = 2/3
photo_D5C91A9F_C1D4_954E_41C8_BCAE71E1B62B.label = 2/3
photo_D5C96BE9_C1D4_8AF2_41DA_AEE3EC2AA1E0.label = 3/3 - Click next for English translation
photo_D5C96BE9_C1D4_8AF2_41DA_AEE3EC2AA1E0.label = 3/3 - Click next for English translation
photo_D5C97311_C1D4_9B52_41D6_22CADB5CDA72.label = 3/3 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_D5C97311_C1D4_9B52_41D6_22CADB5CDA72.label = 3/3 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_D5CDF1BE_C1D4_9751_41E5_B15830705828.label = 2/3
photo_D5CDF1BE_C1D4_9751_41E5_B15830705828.label = 2/3
photo_D6EB3AD6_C1D5_8ADE_41DB_4AEB1D80F936.label = 1/2
photo_D6EB3AD6_C1D5_8ADE_41DB_4AEB1D80F936.label = 1/2
photo_D71A135B_C454_BBEB_41C8_89EF2004EA4B.label = Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_DA5E62B1_C1D5_F552_41E6_189EA949DF46.label = 2/2 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_DA5E62B1_C1D5_F552_41E6_189EA949DF46.label = 2/2 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_DA64ACDB_C1DD_8ED6_41D2_4C47BF10E766.label = 2/2 - Click next for English translation
photo_DA64ACDB_C1DD_8ED6_41D2_4C47BF10E766.label = 2/2 - Click next for English translation
photo_DA65F5DD_C1DD_9ED2_41D5_6D66CD718BCC.label = 2/2 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_DA65F5DD_C1DD_9ED2_41D5_6D66CD718BCC.label = 2/2 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
photo_DA7C7F7F_C1D5_8BCE_41E0_A659FFDCD6EB.label = 2/2 - Click next for English translation
photo_DA7C7F7F_C1D5_8BCE_41E0_A659FFDCD6EB.label = 2/2 - Click next for English translation
photo_DA7D490B_C1D4_7737_41DF_5E516030F6FA.label = 2/2 - Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
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photo_EFBC6745_DF84_5444_41B8_A2474D2AE26A.label = Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
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photo_F1395FAD_DF9C_54C4_41DB_7831C760D64D.label = Click next for English translation
photo_F14A8E2F_DF9C_37C4_41E8_AD7AC630F1BD.label = Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
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photo_F8A3AA0C_DF8C_3FC4_41D3_F3DEB51CCEFC.label = Cofa u-next uze ifumane inguqulelo yesiNgesi
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photo_F9C485C3_E05B_40E7_41DE_A1B389A38342.label = 3/3 - Click next for English translation
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### Body
htmlText_082C2567_26CB_5ACC_41C2_06E7FD446DC1.html = “Thina apha eMzantsi Afrika sijongene nemibuzo enzima kwaye kwafuneka ukuba masithathe izigqibo ezingelula zokuzikhethela kwethu malunga nalo mba. Siyazi ukuba inkululeko yezopolitiko kuphela ayigqibelelanga kwaphela ukuba kukho intsilelo ekufumanekeni kwamanzi acocekileyo. Inkululeko kuphela ayonelanga ngaphandle kokufumana ukukhanya ukuze ukwazi ukufunda ebusuku, ngaphandle kwexesha nokufumana amanzi wokunkcenkceshela ifama yakho, ngabaphandle kokubanako ukuzisebenzela ukuze wondle usapho lwakho. Ngenxa yesi sizathu umzabalazo wophuhliso oluzinzileyo uphantse ube uyalingana nomzabalazo wenkululeko yezipolitiko. Bangakhula kunye okanye badidekisa omnye nomnye.”
- Intetho kaMandela, kumsitho wokwaziswa kweNgxelo yokuGqibela yeKhomishoni yeHlabathi yamaDama waManzi, ngomhla we-16 Novemba 2000.
"Ons in Suid-Afrika het voor moeilike vrae te staan gekom en moes moeilike besluite in hierdie verband neem. Ons weet dat politieke vryheid alleen nog nie genoeg is as ‘n mens nie skoon water het nie. Vryheid is nie genoeg sonder lig om saans by te lees, sonder tyd of toegang tot water om jou plaas mee te besproei, sonder die vermoë om vis te vang om jou gesin te voed nie. Daarom is die stryd om volhoubare ontwikkeling byna gelyk aan die stryd om politieke vryheid. Hulle kan saam groei of hulle kan mekaar ontrafel."
- Mandela, toespraak tydens die bekendstelling van die Finale Verslag van Wêreldkommissie oor Damme, 16 November 2000.
1918 - 1940
URolihlahla Mandela wazalwa ngowe-1918 kuMvezo eMpuma Kapa. Yayiyiminyaka esibhozo oko kwasekwa uManyano loMzantsi Afrika emveni kokuphunyezwa komThetho ongoMhlaba waBantu Balapho (oyi-Natives Land Act) nothintela ukuthathwa komhlaba ngabantu abantsundu kwimimandla etyunjiweyo. Ukususela ngowe-1925 uMandela wayefunda kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi samaWisile esasikufuphi naseQunu, apho wathiywa ngutitshala igama lokuba ngu ‘Nelson’. Ngo-1930, emveni kokuba utata wakhe walandulela elimagad’ ahlabayo, uMandela wabekwa phantsi kweliso lokhathalelo lukaNkosi Jongintaba Dalindyebo, umbambeli-nkosi yabaThembu, waza waya esuthwini ngokwesiko lesintu ngowe-1934. Ngowe-1933 wangena kwiZiko lesiKolo ekuHlalwa kuso saseClarkebury eNgcobo, waza ngowe-1937 waya eHealdtown, kwiKholeji yamaWisile eseBhofolo. Ngowe-1939 wabhalisa ukuze afundele isidanga se-BA kwiKholeji yeYunivesithi yase Fort Hare, eDikeni (Alice), apho wadibana khona no-Oliver Thambo, kodwa ngowe1940 warhoxiswa ixeshana elifutshane ngenxa yenyathelo lokuqalisa uqhankqalazo olunxulumene nemiba yabafundi waza waphuma phakathi engazigqibezelanga izifundo zakhe. Nangona wayenabo abahlobo bakhe ababengamalungu eAfrican National Congress (ANC), nababephikisana nocalucalulo lobuhlanga nababefuna ukuba ilizwe laseMzantsi Afrika lizimele ngokwalo hayi libephantsi kolawulo lwaseBrithani, uMandela zange angxame ukuzibandakanya nalo mbutho.
1939
Wabhalisa kwiKholeji yeYunivesithi yase Fort Hare eAlice.
"Andizilibelanga iintsuku zam zobuntwana ndisakhula ngethuba sasihlala sidibana kwindawo yasekuhlaleni nabantu abaselebekhulile kuthi simamela amabali namava wabo wobulumko obukhulu."
- Isuka kwibali elingekapapashwanga awalibhala ngokwakhe ngobomi bakhe, eseRobben Island, ngo 1975.
1918 - 1940
Rolihlahla Mandela is op 18 Julie 1918 te Mvezo in die Oos-Kaap gebore. Dit was agt jaar na die totstandkoming van die Unie van Suid-Afrika en vyf jaar nadat die Wet op Naturellegrond aanvaar is om die besetting van grond deur swart mense te beperk tot sekere areas. Van 1925 af het Mandela skoolgegaan by ‘n Metodiste primêre skool naby Qunu, waar hy die naam ‘Nelson’ by ‘n onderwyser gekry het. In 1930, na die dood van sy vader, is Mandela toevertrou aan die sorg van Hoofman Jongintaba Dalindyebo, die Thembu regeerder, en in 1934 het hy tradisionele inisiasie ondergaan. In 1933 het hy die Clarkebury Boarding Institute in Engcobo bygewoon, en in 1937 het hy Healdtown, ‘n Wesleyaanse Kollege te Fort Beaufort bygewoon. In 1939 het hy vir ‘n BA-graad by die Universiteitskollege van Fort Hare, in Alice, geregistreer, waar hy Oliver Tambo ontmoet het, maar hy is in 1940 geskors vir deelname aan protesaksie in verband met studentekwessies en hy is daar weg sonder om sy studies te voltooi. Hoewel hy vriende gehad het wat lede van die African National Congress (ANC) was, wat rassesegregasie teengestaan het en wou hê dat Suid-Afrika onafhanklik van Britanje moes wees, het Mandela nie dadelik by die beweging betrokke geraak nie.
1939
Geregistreer by die Universiteitskollege van Fort Hare in Alice.
"Ek het nie die kere uit my kinderdae vergeet toe ons om die oues van die gemeenskap bymekaargekom het om na hul rykdom van wysheid en ervaring te luister nie."
- Uit ‘n ongepubliseerde outobiografie wat in 1975 op Robbeneiland geskryf is.
1941 - 1962
Ngowe1941 uMandela wasingisa kwelaseRhawutini ukuphepha ukumanyaniswa ngeqhina lomtshato ngesinyanzeliso waza wangumantshingilane esebenza ebusuku kumGodi wakwa-Crown Mines. Wadibana noWalter Sisulu, nowathi wamfunela umsebenzi njengonobhala kwifemu yamagqwetha. Ngowe-1942 waqalisa ukubamba iintlanganiso ze-African National Congress noMbutho wamaKomanisi i-Communist Party, wazibandakanya ngokubanzi ekulweni ubukolonali kuquka nezopolitiko loBuzwekazi baseAfrika. Waqalisa izifundo zakhe zesiDanga se-BA kuMsebenzi woBugcisa (iBachelor of Arts), waza wathweswa isidanga ngo-1943, wabhalisa kwizifundo zokuFundela isiDanga kwezomThetho (LLB). Emveni kokuzibandakanya kwakhe neANC ngowe-1943, wayengomnye wabaseki boMbutho woLutsha weANC (ANCYL) ngowe1994, nalapho wabangunobhala kuzwelonke ngowe1948. Ngowe-1994 wazimanya ngeqhina lomtshato noEvelyn Ntoko Mase, nalapho walizwa ngabantwana abane.
Emveni kokuba amaAfrikanner eyithathele kuwo ngonomngana iNational Party baluthathela kubo ulawulo lombuso ngo-1948 baza baqalisa ukuqulunqa ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yocalucalulo nobadlululo ngokobuhlanga. I-ANC neminye imibutho yezopolitiko basebenza ngokuzinikezela ekutshabaliseni ucalucalulo. Ngowe-1950 uMandela wabalilungu lesigqeba solawulo lweANC kuzwelonke, waza watyunjelwa ukuba nguMongameli woMbutho woLutsha lweANC (ANCYL) kuzwelonke. Ngowe1952 kwaqalisa ukubanjwa kweMpembelelo yoQhankqalazo oluChasene noCalucalulo, apho kwabanjwa khona uMandela wabekwa ityala lokunyhasha umThetho wokuCinezelwa koBukomanisi kodwa wanikwa isigwebo esixhonyiweyo. Ngowe-1953 wahlengahlengisa isiCwangciso se-M-Plan semisebenzi eyimfihlelo yokurhubuluza eyayiza kwenziwa yiANC kwixesha elizayo, kwaye ngowe1955 wayebazwe ngeliso elibukhali kungachazelwanga bani nanjengokuba iNkongolo yaBantu (Congress of the People) yamisela iPhepha lamaLungelo weNkululeko (iFreedom Charter).
Ngowe-1956 uMandela wabanjwa kunye nabanye abantu abali-155 baza bafakwa eluvelelweni lokuthethwa kwetyala ngenxa yongcatsho-mbuso, kodwa bebonke bafunyaniswa bengenatyala ngohla wama29 Matshi / eyoKwindla 1961. Ngowe-1958 waqhawula iqhina lomtshato kunye no Evelyn Mase waza wazinya ngeqhina lomtshato noNomzamo Winnie Madikizela apho ke walizwa ngeentombi ezimbini. Ukulandela ukuBulawa kweNginginya yaBantu eSharpvile (iSharpeville Massacre) ngomhla wama-21 Matshi 1960, iANC ne PAC (Pan Africanist Congress) zavalwa umlomo ngomhla wesi-8 Aprili waza uMandela warhubuluza ngo-1961, waseka Umkhonto weSizwe (MK - "Spear of the Nation ") ekunye noWalter Sisulu kwano Joe Slovo ukulungiselela uhlaselo lokuthintela nokuphazamisa imisebenzi yaseburhulumenteni.
1961
Ukurhubuluza: Ukusekwa koMkhonto weSizwe (MK).
1941 - 1962
Mandela het in 1941 Johannesburg toe gegaan om te verhoed dat hy in 'n gereëlde huwelik gedwing word en het 'n nagwag by Crown Mines geword. Hy het Walter Sisulu ontmoet, wat vir hom 'n werk as ingeskrewe klerk by 'n regsfirma gevind het. In 1942 het hy begin om vergaderings van die African National Congress en die Kommunisteparty by te woon, en het hy nou betrokke geraak by antikolonialistiese en Afrika-nasionalistiese politiek. Hy het sy studies vir sy BA-graad hervat en in 1943 sy graad ontvang, en toe geregistreer vir 'n B-graad in die Regte (LLB). Nadat hy in 1943 by die ANC aangesluit het, was hy in 1944 medestigter van die ANC se Jeugliga (ANCYL), waarvan hy in 1948 die nasionale sekretaris geword het. In 1944 is Mandela getroud met Evelyn Ntoko Mase, by wie hy vier kinders gehad het.
Nadat die Afrikanergedomineerde Nasionale Party in 1948 aan bewind gekom het en begin het om die die apartheidstelsel van rassesegregasie op te stel, het die ANC en ander politieke bewegings hulself daartoe verbind om dit te vernietig. In 1950 het Mandela 'n lid van die ANC se nasionale uitvoerende bestuur geword en is hy ook verkies tot die nasionale president van die ANCYL. In 1952 het die Defiance Campaign (uittartingsveldtog) teen apartheid begin, waartydens Mandela gearresteer is en aangekla is van oortreding van die Wet op die Onderdrukking van Kommunisme, maar 'n opgeskorte vonnis ontvang het. In 1953 het hy die M-Plan vir die ANC se toekomstige ondergrondse bedrywighede ontwikkel, en in 1955 het hy in die geheim toegekyk terwyl die Congress of the People die Vryheidsmanifes aanvaar het.
In 1956 is Mandela saam met nog 155 persone gearrester en vir hoogverraad verhoor, maar teen 29 Maart 1961 is almal onskuldig bevind. In 1958 is hy van Evelyn Mase geskei en is hy getroud met Nomzamo Winnie Madikizela, by wie hy twee dogters gehad het. Na die Sharpeville-slagting op 21 Maart 1960 is die ANC en PAC (Pan Africanist Congress) op 8 April verban, en in 1961 het Mandela ondergronds gegaan en saam met Walter Sisulu en Joe Slovo Umkhonto weSizwe (MK - "Spies van die Nasie") gestig om sabotasie-aanvalle op regeringsteikens uit te voer.
1961
Gaan ondergronds: Umkhonto weSizwe (MK) word gestig.
“ ‘n Blink toekoms wink. Die onus is op ons om deur harde werk, eerlikheid en integriteit na die sterre te reik.”
- Vryheidsdagvieringe, Pretoria, Suid-Afrika, 27 April 1996.
"Liyakhazimla ikamva lethu. Kuxhomekeke kuthi, ngokuthi sisebenze nzima, sithembeke kwaye sindiliseke ukuze sifikelele emagqabini."
- ImiBhiyozo yoMhla weNkululeko, ePretoria, eMzantsi Afrika, ngomhla wama 27 Aprili 1996.
“Ubomi bethu njengabantu buxhomekeke kwingqiqo yethu yobulumko nokusebenzisa kwethu iilwandlekazi ngobulumko. Kwanokuba buya kuthi buphinde buxhomekeke kwiinzame zethu zengqiqo zamakhosikazi namadoda asebenza ngokuzinikezela asuka kuzo zonke iinkalo zeplanethi yethu.“
- Iseshoni yeSihlanu kaMandela, yekhomishoni yomsebenzi ngokuZimeleyo malunga neeLwandlekazi, Ekapa, ngomhla we-11 Novemba 1992.
Iminenge, amahlengezi nokrebe omhlophe ongaqhelekanga zona zibonakala ngamaxesha athile onyaka esiqithini. Ihlathi eliyimbuyambuya enkulu elithatha indawo yamanzi olwandle lizinzile, linobutyebi bezinongo zezakhamzimba ezininzi, indawo ekuhlala kuyo izinto eziphilayo ezixhasa indawo ekukhona kuyo izinto ezohlukeneyo ezinjengezi, ingca zolwandle, izilwanyana ezingenamqolo nentlanzi. Iintsongelo zokuloba nokwenza ungcoliseko ngokungekho mthethweni kwisixokelelwano sokutya kwehlathi eliyimbuyambuya enkulu eliquka iindidi ezimbini zezinto eziphilayo ezihlala kwimbuyambuya enkulu yolwandle, iimbatyisi (abalone), amazwenbezi (iperlemoen), isilwanyana saselwandle esifana nononkala esifumaneka ematyeni (ikreef), nentlanzi yaselwandle (iHottentot).
"Ons toekoms as mense hang af van ons intelligente en verstandige benutting van die oseane. En dit sal weer afhang van die doelgerigte pogings van toegewyde vroue en mans van alle dele van ons planeet."
- Mandela, Vyfde sessie van die Onafhanklike Werkkommissie oor die Oseane, Kaapstad, 11 November 1992.
Walvisse, dolfyne en die toevallige grootwithaai is seisoenale besoekers aan die eiland. Die kelpwoud wat die seewater domineer, is 'n gebalanseerde, voedingsryke ekostelsel wat 'n verskeidenheid seegrasse, ongewerwelde seediere en vis onderhou. Stropery en besoedeling bedreig die voedselketting van die kelpwoud wat twee spesies kelp, perlemoen, kreef en hottentotvis insluit.
1962 - 1989
Ngomhla we-11 Janyuwari 1962 uMandela wanduluka eMzantsi Afrika ukuya kuqeqesho lomkhosi eEthiopia nokufumana inkxaso yamanye amazwe ukuze ancedise ngokufaka isandla ekuxhaseni iANC. Ukubuya kwakhe ngomhla wesi-5 Agasti 1962 wabanjwa kufuphi neHowick, kwaZulu Natal, waza wavalelwa entolongweni iminyaka emihlanu. Kamva wabekwa ityala lokwenza iyelenqe lokubhukuqa urhulumente olawulayo waza wagwetywa isigwebo sobomi bakhe bonke esentolongweni kwiTyala laseRivonia (Rivonia Trial), apho wenza intetho yakhe ebaluleke kakhulu esedokisini. Ngomhla wama-27 Meyi / kuCanzibe 1963, wathunyelwa entolongweni eRobben Island, apho wahlala khona ukuyakufikelela ngomhla wama-31 Matshi 1982. Wayengavumelekanga ukuba athathe inxaxheba yokuya emingcwabeni kamama wakhe ngowe-1968 kunye nowonyana wakhe omkhulu ngo-1969. Ngowe-1975 waqalisa ukubhala ibali ngobomi bakhe ngokufihlakeleyo nombhalo-ngqangqi ongekashicilelwa owathi wangeniswa ngokungekho mthethweni nguMaharaj ukukhutshwa kwakhe ngo-1976. Ngomhla wama-31 Matshi 1982 uMandela, uSisulu, uMhlaba noMlangeni kamva noKhathrada, basuswa basiwa kwintolongo yasePollsmoor. Ngomhla we-10 ngowe-1985 uMandela wala xa uMongameli P W Botha waseMzantsi Afrika wayesithi makakhululwe entolongweni phantsi kwemiqathango. NgoDisemba 1988 wathunyelwa kwintolongo yaseVictor Verster, kufuphi nasePere emveni kokuba wayesesibhedlele enyangelwa isifo sephepha.
1963
Ukuthunyelwa kwakhe eRobben Island.
"Ebomini bam ngethuba lokuphila kwam ndasebenza nzima ngokuzinikezela kulo mzabalazo wokulelwa abantu abantsundu. Ndandisilwa ugonyamelo lwabantu abamhlophe kwanogonyamelo lwabantu abantsundu. Ndabuchwayitela ubuncwane bedemokhrasi noluntu oluphila ngokukhululekileyo apho bonke baya kuthi bahlalisane ngolonwabo, ngokumanyeneyo nokufumana amathuba ngokulinganayo. Yinto efanelekileyo nendinethemba lokuba ndiyakuphilela yona ixesha elide ndiyibone ithathelwa ingqiqo nentsingiselo. Kodwa, Nkosi Yam, ukuba kufuneka kubenjalo, kufanelekile kwaye ndiyazinikezela ekubeni ndingade ndiyifele."
kwiTyala laseRivonia, ngowama - 20 Apreli 1964.
1962 - 1989
Op 11 Januarie 1962 het Mandela Suid-Afrika verlaat vir militêre opleiding in Etiopië en om buitelandse ondersteuning vir die ANC te werf. By sy terugkeer is hy naby Howick, KwaZulu-Natal, gearresteer en op 5 Augustus 1962 is hy vyf jaar tronkstraf opgelê. Hy is later aangekla van sameswering om die staat tot ‘n val te bring en lewenslange tronkstraf opgelê in die Rivonia-hofsaak, waartydens hy sy beroemde toespraak uit die beskuldigdebank gelewer het. Op 27 Mei 1963 is hy na die tronk op Robbeneiland gestuur, waar hy aangehou is tot 31 Maart 1982. Hy is nie eens verlof toegestaan om die begrafnis van sy ma in 1968 of van sy oudste seun in 1969 by te woon nie. In 1975 het hy in die geheim begin om sy outobiografie te skryf en die manuskrip is deur Maharaj uitgesmokkel toe hy in 1976 vrygelaat is. Op 31 Maart 1982 is Mandela, Sisulu, Mhlaba en Mlangeni, en later Kathrada, verskuif na Pollsmoor-gevangenis. Op 10 Februarie 1985 het Mandela Suid-Afrika se President PW Botha se aanbod van voorwaardelike vrylating verwerp. Na behandeling vir tuberkulose in ‘n hospitaal, is hy in Desember 1988 na die Victor Verster-gevangenis naby die Paarl verskuif.
1963
Na Robbeneiland gestuur.
"Gedurende my leeftyd het ek my lewe gewy aan hierdie stryd van die swartmense. Ek het geveg teen blanke oorheersing, en ek het geveg teen swart oorheersing. Ek het die ideaal gekoester van 'n demokratiese en vrye samelewing waarin alle mense in harmonie en met gelyke geleenthede sal saamleef. Dit is 'n ideaal waarvoor ek hoop om te leef en om gerealiseer te sien. Maar, Edelagbare, indien nodig, is dit 'n ideaal waarvoor ek bereid is om te sterf."
-Rivonia-verhoor, 20 April 1964.
"Later het ek by die binnehof ingestap en die paar lewende goed daar, die seemeeue, kwikstertjies, die plante, boompies en selfs grashalms was vrolik en vol glimlagte. Alles was aangegryp deur die skoonheid van die dag."
- Mandela uit ‘n brief aan Zindzi Mandela, geskryf op Robbeneiland, 5 Maart 1978.
Daar is omtrent 23 spesies soogdiere op die eiland, soos springbokke, steenbokke, pelsrobbe en elande. Voëllewe sluit in kwikstertjies, tarentale, pikkewyne, kormorante, sterretjies en volstruise, terwyl reptiele akkedisse, geitjies, slange en skilpaaie insluit. As gevolg daarvan dat hulle deur mense ingevoer is, het baie diere indringers geword en die natuurlike omgewing beskadig. Damherte wat amper die endemiese plantegroei van die eiland uitgewis het, is verwyder.
Ubomi basendle
“Kamva, ndahamba ndaya kungena kwintendelezo yesitiya apho kwakuhlala khona izinto ezimbalwa eziphilayo, amangabangaba, amacola, izityalo, imithana emincinane namagqabi engca nezazichwayitile kwaye zigcwele luncumo olukhulu. Yonke into yafunyaniswa ngemini entle”
- Incwadi eyabhalwa nguMandela eyibhalela uZindzi Mandela, wayibhala esesiQithini e Robben, ngomhla wesi-5 Matshi 1978.
Kukho iindidi ezingama-23 ezikhoyo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo esiqithini ezinjengebhadi, i- itshabanqa, amatywina anoboya nempofu. Iintaka ezikhoyo ziquka amacola, impangele, oonombombiya, ugwidi, amangaba-ngaba neenciniba, ngethuba izirhubuluzi ziquka amacikilishe, oonomfulwana, iinyoka namafudo. Ngenxa yesiphumo sokwaziswa kwazo ngabantu esiqithini, uninzi lwezilwanyana ezanyisayo ziye zahlasela zonakalisa indawo yendalo esingqongileyo. Indawo ethandekayo ethe yatshalalisa phantse isihumi okanye nangaphezulu kwizityalo ezisoloko zikhona ezithe zasiswa esiqithini.
1990 - 2013
Nadat Botha as President vervang is deur FW de Klerk, wat apartheid as onvolhoubaar beskou het, is die ANC op 2 Februarie ontban en op 11 Februarie is Nelson Mandela uit die Victor Verster-gevangenis vrygelaat. Hy is op 5 Julie 1991 tot president van die ANC verkies. Hy en FW de Klerk het onderhandel oor 'n ooreenkoms om apartheid te beëindig en op 10 December 1993 is die Nobelprys vir Vrede aan hulle toegeken.
Op 27 April 1994 het hy vir die eerste keer in sy lewe gestem en op 10 Mei 1994 is hy as President van Suid-Afrika ingesweer. As die hoof van 'n koalisieregering het Mandela eenheid onder die mense van Suid-Afrika nagestreef. Hy het die Kommissie vir Waarheid en Versoening tot stand gebring om oortredings van menseregte van die verlede te ondersoek. In 1995 het hy die Nelson Mandela Kinderfonds gestig. In 1996 is hy van Winnie Mandela geskei en op 18 July 1998 is hy op sy tagtigste verjaardag met Graça Machel getroud.
In 1999 het Mandela uitgetree na een termyn as president om deur sy adjunk, Thabo Mbeki, opgevolg te word en het hy die Nelson Mandela Stigting tot stand gebring om armoede en VIGS te bestry. Op 5 Desember 2013 het Madiba op die ouderdom van 95 by sy huis in Johannesburg gesterf. Op daardie dag het die wêreld gerou oor die verlies van Madela – die vader van 'n nasie, wie se nalatenskap ons steeds sal vier.
1993
Ontvang die Nobelprys vir Vrede
In 1993 het Nelson Mandela en Frederik Willem de Klerk saam die Nobelprys vir Vrede ontvang ter erkenning van “hul werk ten opsigte van die vreedsame beëindiging van die apartheidsbestel, en die vestiging van die grondslag van 'n nuwe demokratiese Suid-Afrika”. Na soortgelyke toekennings aan Hoofman Albert Luthuli en Aartsbiskop Desmond Tutu, het die toekenning aan Mandela en de Klerk die totaal van bekroondes in Suid-Afrika op vier te staan gebring.
Hierdie twee ietwat teenstellende beelde deur Rodger Bosch van Mandela en de Klerk saam by die Nasionale Vredeskonvensie in September 1991 getuig van die moeilike onderhandelinge en soms bitter konfrontasies wat die pad voorberei het vir Suid-Afrika se eerste demokratiese verkiesing in 1994.
Voorvalle van politieke geweld het van tyd tot tyd gedreig om die onderhandelinge tot 'n einde te bring. Onder die leierskap van Mandela en de Klerk het die onderhandelinge egter op koers gebly en die pad vir versoening en 'n einde aan apartheid voorberei. Nelson Mandela het nadat hy na 27 jaar van gevangenskap na vore gekom het, nie net 'n boodskap van versoening en vrede versprei nie, maar op kragtige wyse vergifnis en versoening in sy eie lewe gedemonstreer.
1990 – 2013
Emveni kokuba uFW de Klerk engine esikhundleni sikaMongameli uBotha njengoMongameli weLizwe, nowayethatha ucalucalulo njengoludala ukungabikho kozinzo eluntwini, iANC yavulwa umlomo ngomhla wesi-2 Februwari 1990 waza ngomhla we-11 Februwari wakhululula uNelson Mandela kwiNtolongo yaseVictor Verster. UMandela wayonyulwe njengoMongameli weANC ngomhla we 5 Julayi 1991. Yena no-FW de Klerk bathethathethana malunga nesivumelwano sokuphelisa ucalucalulo, kwaye ngomhla we-10 Disemba / kweyoMnga 1993 wawongwa ngembasa yeBhaso leNkuthazo yokuDala uXolo kaNobel (iNobel Peace Price) ekunye noDe Klerk.
Ngomhla wama-27 Aprili 1994, uMandela wavota okokuqala ebomi bakhe, waza ngomhla we-10 Meyi / kuCanzibe 1994 wabekwa esikhundleni ngokusemthethweni sokuba nguMongameli weLizwe laseMzantsi Afrika. Njengentloko yembumba yendibano yaseburhulumenteni uMandela wayefuna umanyano phakathi kwabantu baseMzantsi Afrika, waza waseka i-Truth and Reconciliation Commission ukwenza uphando ngezehlo zokuphathwa gadalala kwamalungelo abantu. Ngomhla we-18 Julayi / kweyeKhala waseka iNgxowa-mali iMandela Children’s Fund. Ngowe-1996 waqhawula iqhina lomtshato kunye noWinnie Mandela waza ngomhla we18 Julayi wazimanya ngeqhina lomtshato noGraca Machel eminyaka ingamashumi asibhozo (80) ubudala.
Ngowe1999 uMandela warhoxa wazilahla iintambo zolawulo emveni kokuphatha ithem enye njengomongameli nowalandelwa lisekela lakhe uThabo Mbeki, kwaye wamisela uMbutho weNelson Mandela Foundation ukuphelisa intlupheko neSifo sikaGawulayo. Ngomhla we-5 Disemba 2013 uMadiba walishiya elimagad’ ahlabayo esekhayeni lakhe eRhawutini eminyaka ingama-95 ubudala. Ngaloo mhla ngowama2013 ihlabathi liphela lavakalisa isikhalo sokuzilela ukushiywa kwethu nguMandela – utata wesizwe, esiya kuthi sihlale sibhiyozela ilifa elingapheliyo asishiye nalo.
1993
Ukufumana kwakhe iBhaso leNkuthaza yokuDala uXolo kaNobel
Ngowe1993 uNelson Mandela noFrederick Willem de Klerkbafumana iBhaso leNkuthazo yokuDala uXolo kaNobel ngokuhlangeneyo ngenxa yokuthathelwa ingqalelo “komsebenzi wabo wokusebenzisa uxolo ekupheliseni inkqubo yocalucalulo nokwenza uxolelwaniso, nokwenza iziseko zedemokhrasi entsha eMzantsi Afrika. Esenkondweni likaNkosi uAlbert Luthuli noBishophu uDesmond Tutu, uMandela no-de Klerk bathweswa ngesatsaba sokuFumana iBhaso leNkuthazo yokuDala uXolo kaNobel nekungabantu abane ngoku eMzantsi Afrika.
Ngenye indlela le mifanekiso mibini iphikisanayo kaMandela no de Klerk behleli bobabini kwiNgqungquthela yoXolo yeSizwe ngoSeptemba 1991, neyafotwa nguRodger Bosch, ikunika ubungqina beengxaki ezinzima ngamanye amaxesha uthethathethwano malunga nemiba engaginyisi mathe eyethi yavula indlela eyakhokelela kulonyulo lwedemokhrasi yokuqala yaseMzantsi Afrika ngowe-1994.
Izehlo zobundlobongela bezopolitiko benza intsongelo yokuphelisa ingxoxo zoxolelwaniso amaxesha ngamaxesha. Kananjalo, phantsi kokhokelo lukaMandela no-de Klerk uthethathethwano lwahlala luzinzile, luhlahlela indlela eya kwiingxoxo zoxolelwaniso nokuphelisa ucalucalulo. Emveni kokuba uNelson Mandela, ephumile kwiminyaka engama-27 ethothoza kwezimnyama izisele, zange athethe ngoxolelwaniso noxolo kuphela, kodwa wabonakalisa ngamandla ukuxolela nokwenza uxolelwaniso kubomi bakhe yena buqu.
10 Mei Nelson Mandela word president van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika
“Die waarheid is dat ons nog nie vry is nie; ons het nog net die vryheid van om vry te wees bereik, die reg om nie verdruk te word nie. Ons het nog nie die finale tree op ons reis geneem nie, maar die eerste tree op 'n langer en nog moeiliker pad. Want om vry te wees is nie net om 'n mens se kettings af te skud nie, maar om te leef op 'n manier wat die vryheid van ander respekteer en vermeerder. Die ware toets vir ons toewyding aan vryheid het nog net begin.”
- Mandela, 'Long Road to Freedom', 1994
Ngomhla we-10 Meyi uNelson Mandela ungena esikhundleni sokuba nguMongameli weLizwe leRiphabliki yaseMzantsi Afrika
"Inyaniso yeyokuba asikakhululeki okwangoku; asikayifezekisi inkululeko yokuphila ngokukhululekileyo, ilungelo lokuba sikhululeke engcinezelweni. Asikalithathi inyathelo lethu lokugqibela lale ndlela siyihambayo, kodwa sithatha inyathelo lethu lokuqala eliya kweyona ndlela inde nenzima kakhulu. Kuba ukukhululeka ayikokukhulula nje amakhamandela kuphela emntwini, kodwa kukuphila ngendlela ehloniphekileyo nethi yandise inkululeko yabanye abantu ngokubanzi. Uvavanyo lokwenyani lokuzondelela inkululeko lusaqalisa."
- Mandela, 'Long Road to Freedom', 1994
Namkelekile kwincoko!
IPhulo likaMadiba yiprojekthi yonxibelelwano lwehlabathi jikelele, iprojekthi yomsebenzi wobugcisa yothatho-nxaxheba kwindibano yencoko ekhethekileyo nenobulumko nemalunga notshintsho. Ibanjwa ngokuhlangeneyo namanye amaqela entsebenziswano nenkxaso yeNelson Mandela Foundation.
Ukwakhiwa kweli ziko lemuziyamu kaMadiba, nelokuqala ukutyelelwa yinginginya yabantu, yimuziyamu encinane eyakhiwe ngqo kwimida yesisele sakhe kwintolongo yaseRobben Island. Kufuneka isetyenziswe njengendawo yokudl’ iimbadu, kusabelwana ngeenkumbulo kukhangelwa intsingiselo.
“Inga enikukhethileyo kungavuselela ithemba, hayi uloyiko”
- Mandela
Nceda utyelele ku- imadiba.com ukuze uthathe inxaxheba ekwakheni umnatha wothungelwano lwemuziyamu yehlabathi jikelele ukubhiyozela ukubanobuntu kukaMadiba.
- Erhardt Thiel
I-iMadiba yaphunyezwa nguSatrix.
Apha sibhiyozela kwaye sothulela umnqwazi uTata Madiba owadlala indima ephambili ekulungiseleleni ulawulo lwedemokhrasi kunye namalungelo esiwaxhamlayo namhlanje. Ekuphileni kwethu sinethemba lokuba lendlela siyihambayo, silandela umkhondo wefuthe lakhe kwaye sigcine ilifa lokomeleza nokwakha idemokhrasi yethu nentlonipho eluntwini.
“Ekuphileni kwakhe ebomini uMandela wayekholelwa kumthetho-siseko wokudliwa kweembadu luluntu, ubugcisa bokuphulaphula nobuciko bokuncokola nabanye abantu; nto leyo edala ukuba nabanye abantu nabo babenobugcisa bokuphulaphula nobuciko bokuncokola nabanye abantu”
- Mr Achmat Dangor
Ngokugqalisa apha, sichaza iMadiba njengendawo yokudl’ iimbadu. Igcinelwe wena njengendawo ekhuselekileyo yokuphononga ilifa elingapheliyo awasishiya nalo uMadiba. Siyakukhuthaza ukuba ubeyinxalenye yezi ncoko, uthethe nabantu ongabaziyo, ubuze imibuzo, wabelane nabanye ngamabali wakho, uhloniphe abanye noMadiba ophila kuwe ngaphakathi. Sebenzisa imibuzo oyinikiweyo njengesiqalo sencoko okanye usichazele elakho ibali. Incoko yakho ingamalunga nantoni na oyifuna ukuncokola ngayo. Ingaba ithini imixholo yencoko ongathanda ukuba kuncokolwe ngayo kule ndawo? Yabelana nathi ngeengcinga zakho kwezi ntetho zamagqabantshintshi zilapha ngezantsi okanye kuthungelwano loluntu (social media) usebenzisa u- #Iziko #iMadiba. Sifuna uqhagamshelane nathi, uze usebenzise imibuzo yakho ukwenzela ukuqalisa iincoko ezinika uchulumanco lomdla wokwenziwa kotshintsho.
Welkom by die gesprek!
Die iMadiba Projek is 'n omvattende interaktiewe, deelnemende kunsprojek met die oog daarop om ge
sprekke vir verandering te begin. Dit word gedoen in vennootskap met en ter ondersteuning van die Nelson Mandela Stigting.
Hierdie iMadiba installasie, een van 'n groeiende aantal, is 'n mikromuseum gebou volgens die presiese afmetings van sy tronksel op Robbeneiland. Dit kan gebruik word as 'n plek vir dialoog, herinnering en besinning.
“Mag jou keuses jou hoop weerspieël, nie jou vrese nie”
- Mandela
Besoek asseblief imadiba.com en neem deel aan die bou van 'n omvattende museumnetwerk ter viering van die menslikheid van Madiba.
- Erhardt Thiel
Hierdie iMadiba is moontlik gemaak deur Satrix.
Hier wil ons hulde bring aan Tata Madiba wat 'n sentrale rol gespeel het in die verkryging van die demokratiese bedeling en vryhede wat ons vandag geniet. Ons lewe met die geloof dat soos ons verder reis, ons uit sy gees sal put en die nalatenskap sal word en ons demokrasie en respek vir die mensdom sal uitbou en versterk. Mandela “het sy hele lewe gebaseer op die beginsel van dialoog, die kuns van luister na en praat met ander; dit is ook die kuns om ander te kry om na mekaar te luister en met mekaar te praat.”
- Mnr Achmat Dangor.
Na aanleiding van hierdie gedagte bied ons iMadiba aan as 'n ruimte vir gesprek, 'n veilige plek vir u om Madiba se nalatenskap te verken. Ons moedig u aan om aan dialoog deel te neem, met vreemdelinge te praat, vrae te vra, u verhale te deel, en om ander en die Madiba in u te respekteer. Gebruik die vrae wat verskaf word as 'n katalisator vir dialoog, of bied u eie vir ons aan. U gesprekke kan wees net wat u wil hê dit moet wees. Watter gesprekke wil u graag in hierdie ruimte hê? Deel u gedagtes met ons in die gespreksborrels wat hier verskyn, of op sosiale media met gebruik van #Iziko #iMadiba. Ons wil graag van u hoor en u vrae gebruik om gesprekke te begin wat verandering kan inspireer.
2018
Video: 1:00 minutes
On loan from Nelson Mandela Foundation.
This film was made possible by Philips.
Composed by Kidwithamatch@Biblo.tv
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2018
Ividiyo: 1:00 imizuzu
Ibolekwe kwi-Nelson Mandela Foundation.
Le filimu ixhaswe nguPhilips.
Iqulunqwe ngu Kidwithamatch@Biblo.tv
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2018
Video: 1:00 minuut
Op bruikleen van Nelson Mandela Stigting.
Hierdie film is moontlik gemaak deur Philips.
Saamgestel deur Kidwithamatch@Biblo.tv
“Ukufika kwethu bathi masigube amatye ukwenza igrabile. Bazisa amatye amakhulu, babeka elinye phantsi kwaye kufuneke ukuba usebenzise ihamire ukuze wophule amatye phezu kwelitye elikhulu.”
- Incoko Phakathi kukaMandela noRichard Stengel, ngomhla wesi-5 Disemba 1993.
Ngexesha lemigangatho yamaza olwandle ekwiqondo eliphantsi isiQithi saseRobben sasikwindawo ephezulu eyinduli. Kwiintsuku zangoku sinxulunyaniswa neBlouberg ngenxa yomwonyo ongaphantsi kolwandle. Uhlobo oluthile lwelitye eli nkumnkum laseMalmesbury lenza umaleko welitye elingaphantsi namatye avela phezu komhlaba angakunxweme. Lo maleko welitye ugqunywe lilitye lekalika elenziwe ziingquzu zentlabathi ezingaselunxwemeni nezaqiniswa luxinizelelo ukwenza ilitye (eziqinileyo). Indawo ekombiwa kuyo amatye wekalika kulapho uNelson Mandela namanye amabanjwa eqela lakhe babenyanzeliswa ukuba basebenze khona.
"Toe ons aangekom het, het hulle ons gevra om klippe fyn te maak om gruis te maak. Hulle het groot klippe gebring, hulle het een op die grond gehad en dan het jy ‘n hamer en jy breek die klippe op die groot klip."
- Mandela in gesprek met Richard Stengel, 5 Desember 1993.
Tydens laer seevlakke was Robbeneiland die hoogste punt van ‘n heuwel. Vandag is dit verbind aan Blouberg deur ‘n ondersese saal. Malmesbury-skalie vorm die onderste rotslaag en dagsome aan die kuslyn. Die rotslaag is bedek met kalkgesteente gevorm deur verharde antieke duine. Die kalksteengroef is waar Nelson Mandela en sy medegevangenes gedwing is om te werk.
The sensitive information included in this section is for educational and informational purposes only.
The Group Areas Act of 1950 was the title of three acts of the Parliament of South Africa passed by the apartheid government of South Africa. These acts assigned racial groups to different residential and business sections in urban areas. On 7 July 1950, the first Group Areas Act was promulgated. On 30 June 1991, Group Areas Act was repealed by the Abolition of Racially Based Land Measures Act of 1991, along with many other discriminatory laws.
Each dot on the map represents a suburb and the racial group the area was assigned to. According to the apartheid government, all South Africans were classified into one of four racial groups based on appearance, known ancestry, socioeconomic status, and cultural lifestyle: "Black", "White", "Coloured" and "Indian".
Nelson Mandela stated in his book, Long Walk to Freedom that "the Groups Areas Act was the foundation of residential apartheid. Under its regulations, each racial group could own land, occupy premises, and trade only in its own separate area. Indians could henceforth only live in Indian areas, Africans in African, Coloureds in Coloured. If whites wanted the land or houses of the other groups, they could simply declare that land a white area and take them".
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UmThetho ka-1950 wokuHlaliswa kwaBantu ngokwamaaQela obuHlanga (iGroup Areas Act of 1950) waba sisihloko semithetho emithathu yePalamente yaseMzantsi Afrika eyapasiswa ngurhulumente (paragraph) ucalulo waseMzantsi Afrika. Le mithetho yakhethela amaqela ngokobuhlanga aze asiwa kwiindawo zokuhlala ezohlukeneyo namacandelop ezoshishino kwiindawo ezisezidolophini. UThetho woKuqala wo-uHlaliswa kwaBantu ngokwaaaQela obuHlanga, waphunyezwa ngomhla wesi-7 Julayi 1950. UThetho wokuQala wokuHlaliswa kwaBantu ngokwamaQela obuHlanga wabhangiswa ngomhla wama 30 June 1991 ngokuPhelisa u-Thetho ka-1991, woLawulo lomHlaba ngokuSekelwe phezu kobuHlanga, ngokuhlangeneyo nemimnye imithetho yocalucalulo ngokobuhlanga.
Ichaphaza ngalinye elikwimaphu libonakalisa ihlomela ledolophu nendawo eyatyunjelwa iqela ngokobuhlanga. Ngokuphathelele kurhulumente wocalucalulo, bonke abemi baseMzantsi Afrika bohlulwa ngokweendidi zamaqela amane babaliqela elinye ngokobuhlanga ngokusekelwe phezu kwembonakalo yabo, ukwaziwa kookhokho babo, imeko yabo ngokwezimali, neendlela abaphila ngazo ebomini ngokwenkcubeko yabo: "Abantsundu", "Abamhlophe", "Abebala" kunye "naMandiya".
Kule ncwadi ithi, Long Walk to Freedom uNelson Mandela wabhala wathi ". UmThetho woKuqala wokuHlaliswa kwaBantu ngokwamaQela obuHlanga wabasisiseko socalucalulo ngokwentlalo yabantu. Phantsi kwemithetho yawo, iqela ngalinye lalinomhlaba ongowalo ngokobuhlanga, ukusebenzisa isakhiwo, nokurhweba kwindawo yabo eyodwa kuphela. Amandiya ayehlala kuphela kwiindawo zaMandiya, Abantsundu kwezaBantsundu, aBebala kwezaBebala. Ukuba abantu abamhlophe babefuna umhlaba okanye izindlu zamanye amaqela, babenako ukwenza isibhengezo sokuba loo mhlaba ngowabantu abamhlophe kwaye bawuthathe."
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Die Groepsgebiedewet van 1950 was die titel van drie wette van die Parlement van Suid-Afrika wat deur die apartheidsregering goedgekeur is. Die wette het verskillende residensiële en sakeareas in stedelike gebiede aan verskillende rassegroepe toegeken. Op 7 Julie 1950 is die eerste Groepsgebiedewet gepromulgeer. Op 30 Junie 1991 is die Groepsgebiedewet herroep deur die Wet op die Afskaffing van Rasgebaseerde Grondreëlings van 1991, saam met baie ander diskriminerende wette.
Elke kolletjie op die kaart verteenwoordig 'n voorstad en die rassegroep aan wie die area toeken is. Volgens die apartheidsregering is alle Suid-Afrikaners geklassifiseer in een van vier rassegroepe op grond van voorkoms, bekende afkoms, sosio-ekonomiese status en kulturele leefstyl: "Swart", "Wit", "Kleurling" en "Indiër".
Nelson Mandela het in sy boek, Long Walk to Freedom, verklaar "die Groepsgebiedewet was die grondslag van residensiële apartheid. Onder sy regulasies kon elke rassegroep net in sy eie aparte areas grond besit, plek bewoon en handel dryf. Indiërs kon toe net in Indiër-areas leef, swartmense net in swart areas, bruinmense net in bruin areas. As witmense die grond of huise van die ander groepe wou hê, kon hulle bloot die grond tot 'n area vir witmense verklaar en dit vat.”
Rodger Bosch (1966 - )
National Peace Convention, Johannesburg (1991).
Then ANC President Nelson Mandela with the then State President F. W. de Klerk on 14 September 1991 during the Convention at the Carlton Centre in Johannesburg.
Taken 14 September 1991, printed 2013, edition 7/15.
Silver gelatin, selenium toned hand-prints, printed by the artist.
lziko Social History Collections, SH 2013/159a_b
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U-Rodger Bosch (1966 - )
Ingqungquthela yokwenza uXolelwaniso kaZwelonke, eRhawutini (ngowe-1991).
Owayesakuba nguMongameli weANC uNelson Mandela kunye nalowo wayesakuba nguMongameli weLizwe u F. W. De Klerk ngomhla we-14 Septemba 1991 ngexesha lokubanjwa kweNgqungquthela kwiZiko laseCarlton eRhawutini.
Yathathwa ngomhla we-14 Septemba 1991, yashicilelwa ngowama-2013, uhlelo 7/15.
I-Silver gelatin, iiprinti ze-selenium ezenziwe ngesandla, eziprintwe ngumsebenzi wobugcisa
lziko Social History Collections, SH 2013/159a_b
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Rodger Bosch (1966 - )
Nasionale Vredeskonvensie, Johannesburg (1991).
Destydse ANC President Nelson Mandela saam met die destydse Staatspresident F. W. de Klerk op 14 September 1991 gedurende die konvensie by die Carlton Sentrum in Johannesburg.
Geneem 14 September 1991, gedruk 2013, uitgawe 7/15.
Silver gelatien, seleniumkleurige handafdrukke, gedruk deur die kunstenaar.
lziko Maatskaplike Geskiedenisversamelings, SH 2013/159a_b
"Elke keer wanneer een van ons die grond van hierdie land aanraak, ervaar ons ‘n gevoel van persoonlike vernuwing. Die nasionale bui verander namate die seisoene verander. Ons ervaar ‘n gevoel van vreugde en opgewektheid wanneer die gras groen word en die blomme te voorskyn kom."
- Mandela, inhuldiging as President van Suid-Afrika, Uniegebou, Pretoria, Suid-Afrika, 10 Mei 1994.
Die plantelewe van Robbeneiland is tipies van die strandveldsoort. As gevolg van menslike versteuring oor die afgelope 400 jaar word die plantegroei oorheers deur eksotiese plantspesies soos Acacia-spesies, en denne- en gombome. Die eiland het omtrent 170 plantspesies, waarvan byna 48% vreemde plantegroei is. Die karakteristieke Weskusblomme is volop gedurende die lente. Die eiland het 'n ryke verskeidenheid van insekte en spinnekoppe, met spesies soortgelyk aan dié wat by geografies nabygeleë plekke op die vasteland voorkom.
“Ngexesha ngalinye omnye wethu wayechola isanti yalo mhlaba, sizive sinodlamko sibatsha. Indlela yesimo iyathsintsha kuzwelonke ngokokutshintsha kwamaxesha onyaka. Sinovakalelo ngenxa yolonwabo olukhoyo xa ingca ijika ibeluhlaza kwanokudubula kweentyatyambo ezintle."
- Ukubeka ngokuseMthethweni kukaMandela, abenguMongameli weLizwe laseMzantsi Afrika, kwiZakhiwo zoMdibaniselwano iUnion Buildings, ePitoli, eMzantsi Afrika, ngomhla we10 Meyi 1994.
Indlela ezikhula ngayo izityalo kwisiQithi iRobben zezona ziluhlobo lwezasendle. Ngenxa yokuphazanyiswa ngabantu kwixesha leminyaka engaphezulu kwengama400, izityalo ezilinyiweyo zendalo zitshatyalaliswa ziindidi zezityalo ezingaqhelekanga ezinjengeendidi zedywabasini, imithi yempayini neyegamtriya. Isiqithi sinamalunga neendidi zezityalo ezili-170, nalapho uninzi lwazo ezingama-48% zizityalo ezingaqhelekanga. Iintyatyambo zasendle ezibonakalayo zase-West Coast zixhaphakile ngexesha lentwasa hlobo. Isiqithi sineendidi ezohlukeneyo zezinambuzane neeIsiqithi sinezinambuzane ezininzi ezohlukeneyo noonomadukudwane, nezizindidi ezifanayo kwiindawo ezikufuphi ngokwejografi kowona mhlaba ungundoqo.
Maker Unknown
Mandela for President, the People’s Choice
Collected after the general election in 1994 by G. Kinghardt in Rondebosch, Cape Town.
SAM-AE Field Collection List 1994/83.
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Umbhali akaziwa
UMandela uza kuba nguMongameli, Ngokukhethwe ngaBantu
Eziqokelelwe emveni kolonyulo jikelele lwango-1994 ngu-G. Kinghardt Rondebosch, eKapa.
Uluhlu lweNgqokelela yeSAM-AE Field Collection ngo 1994/83.
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Kunstenaar onbekend
Mandela vir President, die Mense se Keuse
Versamel na die algemene verkiesing in 1994 deur G. Kinghardt in Rondebosch, Kaapstad.
SAM-AE Veldversamelinglys 1994/83.
Pixcomm – Nic Buchanan
The Madiba Legacy Series – Childhood.
2009
Video: 2:19 minutes
On loan from Nelson Mandela Foundation.
The Madiba Legacy Series – The Big City.
2009
Video: 2:56 minutes
On loan from Nelson Mandela Foundation.
The Madiba Legacy Series – The Prisoner.
2009
Video: 2:48 minutes
On loan from Nelson Mandela Foundation.
The Madiba Legacy Series – The Statesman.
2009
Video: 1:56 minutes
On loan from Nelson Mandela Foundation.
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Pixcomm – Nic Buchanan
The Madiba Legacy Series – Childhood.
2009
Ividiyo: 2:19 imizuzu
Ibolekwe kwi-Nelson Mandela Foundation.
The Madiba Legacy Series – The Big City.
2009
Ividiyo: 2:56 imizuzu
Ibolekwe kwi-Nelson Mandela Foundation.
The Madiba Legacy Series – The Prisoner.
2009
Ividiyo: 2:48 imizuzu
Ibolekwe kwi-Nelson Mandela Foundation.
The Madiba Legacy Series – The Statesman.
2009
Ividiyo: 1:56 imizuzu
Ibolekwe kwi-Nelson Mandela Foundation.
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Pixcomm – Nic Buchanan
The Madiba Legacy Series – Childhood.
2009
Video: 2:19 minute
Op bruikleen van Nelson Mandela Stigting.
The Madiba Legacy Series – The Big City.
2009
Video: 2:56 minute
Op bruikleen van Nelson Mandela Stigting.
The Madiba Legacy Series – The Prisoner.
2009
Video: 2:48 minute
Op bruikleen van Nelson Mandela Stigting.
The Madiba Legacy Series – The Statesman.
2009
Video: 1:56 minute
Op bruikleen van Nelson Mandela Stigting.
Chris Ledochowski (1956 - )
Nelson Mandela delivers his first public speech in 27 years on the day of his release. City Hall, Grand Parade, Cape Town, 11.02.05.
Photolithograph
2004
SANG 2005/6
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Chris Ledochowski (1956 - )
U-Nelson Mandela wenza intetho yakhe yokuqala esidlangalaleni kwixesha leminyaka engama-27 emveni kokukhululwa kwakhe entolongweni. kwiHolo yesiXeko, eGrand Parade, eKapa, 11.02.05.
Iifoto zisetyenziswa ekwenzeni ifilimu
2004
SANG 2005/6
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Chris Ledochowski (1956 - )
Nelson Mandela lewer sy eerste openbare toespraak in 27 jaar op die dag van sy vrylating. Stadsaal, Grand Parade, Kaapstad, 11.02.05.
Fotolitografie
2004
SANG 2005/6
Bronze Commemorative Medal
produced in France: Nelson Mandela and the Rivonia Trial.
Designer J Coppin. Engraver’s initial BR.
The reverse of the medal has an inscription in French which is an extract from Nelson Mandela’s famous address during the Rivonia Treason Trial, 20 April 1964. Translated: “I have adopted the ideal of a democratic and free society in which everyone in the world will live together in peace and equality – I hope to live to see this achieved but it is also an ideal for which I am prepared to die for”.
- Rivonia, October 1963 to May 1964.
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Imbasa yesiKhumbuzo yoBhedu
eyenziwa eFransi: uNelson Mandela neTyala laseRivonia. Umyili J Coppin. Amagama woonobumba bokuqala womShicileli BR.
Kwelinye icala langasemva lembasa kukho umbhalo wesiFrentshi nosisicatshulwa sentetho ebalulekileyo kaNelson Mandela ngexesha lokuxoxwa kweTyala lokuNgcatsha umBuso laseRivonia (iRivonia Treason Trial), ngomhla wama-20 Epreli 1964. Inguqulelo: “Ndabuchwayitela ubuncwane bedemokhrasi noluntu oluphila ngokukhululekileyo apho bonke kwihlabathi jikelele baya kuthi bahlalisane ngoxolo nangokumanyeneyo nokufumana amathuba ngokulinganayo. Ndinethemba lokuba ndiyakuphila ixesha elide ukuze ndibone xa kufezekiswa oku kodwa kufanelekile kwaye ndiyazinikezela ekubeni ndingade ndiyifele.”
- eRivonia, Oktobha / kweyeDwarha 1963 ukuya kuMeyi 1964”.
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Bronsgedenkpenning
vervaardig in Frankryk: Nelson Mandela en die Rivonia Verhoor. Ontwerper J Coppin. Graveur se voorletters BR.
Die agterkant van die penning het 'n inskripsie in Frans wat 'n aanhaling is uit Nelson Mandela se toespraak gedurende die Rivonia-hoogverraadverhoor op 20 April 1964. Die vertaling lui: “Ek het die ideaal aanvaar van 'n demokratiese en vrye samelewing waarin almal in die wêreld in harmonie en gelykheid sal saamleef - ek hoop om te leef om dit gerealiseer te sien, maar dit is ook 'n ideaal waarvoor ek bereid is om te sterf."
- Rivonia, Oktober 1963 tot Mei 1964.
Rodger Bosch (1966 - )
National Peace Convention, Johannesburg (1991).
Then ANC President Nelson Mandela with the then State President F. W. de Klerk on 14 September 1991 during the Convention at the Carlton Centre in Johannesburg.
Taken 14 September 1991, printed 2013, edition 7/15.
Silver gelatin, selenium toned hand-prints, printed by the artist.
lziko Social History Collections, SH 2013/159a_b
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U-Rodger Bosch (1966 - )
Ingqungquthela yokwenza uXolelwaniso kaZwelonke, eRhawutini (ngo 1991).
U-Mongameli weANC uNelson Mandela kunye noMongameli weLizwe wamandulo u F. W. De Klerk ngomhla we 14 Septemba 1991 ngexesha lokubanjwa kwengqungquthela kwiZiko laseCarlton Centre eRhawutini.
Yathathwa ngomhla we 14 Septemba 1991, yashicilelwa ngo 2013, uhlelo 7/15.
I-Silver gelatin, iiprinti ze-selenium ezenziwe ngesandla, eziprintwe ngumsebenzi wobugcisa.
lingqokelela yemisebenzi yoBugcisa yeMbali, SH 2013/159a_b
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Rodger Bosch (1966 - )
Nasionale Vredeskonvensie, Johannesburg (1991).
Destydse ANC President Nelson Mandela saam met die destydse Staatspresident F. W. de Klerk op 14 September 1991 gedurende die konvensie by die Carlton Sentrum in Johannesburg.
Geneem 14 September 1991, gedruk 2013, uitgawe 7/15.
Silver gelatien, seleniumkleurige handafdrukke, gedruk deur die kunstenaar.
lziko Maatskaplike Geskiedenisversamelings, SH 2013/159a_b
Die ruggraat van ons begrip van lewe op aarde is die stelsel wat ons gebruik vir die benaming van al die verskillende organismes.
Natuurwetenskaplikes ervaar voortdurend 'n uitdaging om gepaste name vir nuwe organismes te vind. Ongeveer 18 000 nuwe spesies word elke jaar oor die hele wêreld beskryf. Die etimologie van die name wat hulle kies, is dikwels ter ere van ikoniese geskiedkundige figure. Dit is nie vreemd dat baie wetenskaplikes op hierdie manier hulde aan President Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela gebring het nie. Tot op hede is verskeie spesies kewer, kreef, mosdier, seeslak, springstert, seester, spinnekop, wesp, padda en selfs 'n uitgestorwe spesie voël na “Madiba” vernoem.
Wanneer ons 'n naam aan 'n spesie gee, stel dit ons in staat om akkuraat met mense oor die hele wêreld te kommunikeer oor spesies wat ons planeet bewoon. Dit help ons om ingeligte besluite te neem. Byvoorbeeld: die bestuur van die bewaring van die bedreigde renosterspesies in Afrika word bepaal deur die vermoë om te onderskei tussen die witrenoster, Ceratotherium simum, en die swartrenoster, Diceros bicornis.
Etimologie beteken die oorsprong van 'n woord en die geskiedkundige ontwikkeling van die betekenis daarvan – in biologie verwys dit na die oorsprong van 'n wetenskaplike naam.
Ngokuqonda kwethu malunga nobomi emhlabeni buyinkqubo esiyisebenzisayo yokuthiya amagama zonke izinto ezohlukeneyo eziphilayo.
Iinzululwazi zeNdalo zijongene nomngeni oqhubekekayo wokufumana amagama amatsha afanelekileyo wezinto eziphilayo. Zimalunga nama-18 000 iindidi zezinto ezintsha eziphilayo kwihlabathi jikelele nezithi zichazwe ngonyaka ngamnye. Imvelaphi yamagama abawakhethayo ngokwesiqhelo ngawokuhlonipha amaqhawe angamagorha wembali. Ayingomnqa ukuba iinzululwazi ezininzi zinike imbeko yentlonipho kuMongameli Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela ngolu hlobo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uninzi lweendidi zooqongqothwane, impukane, unamvuna, isilwanyana esinobulembu (moss animal), inkumba encinane yolwandle, isinambuzane esincinane esingenamaphiko (i-springtail), ingwane (i-starfish), isigcawu, unomeva kunye nezinye iindidi zezinto ezaziphila ngaphambili ezingasekhoyo eziziintaka namasele, zithiywe ngo “Madiba”.
Ukuthiya izinto eziphilayo igama kusinceda kuqhagamshelwano oluchanekileyo kunye nabanye abantu kwihlabathi liphela malunga nezinto eziphilayo ezihlala kwiplanethi yethu. Oku kusinika ithuba lokuthatha izigqibo ezisekelwe phezu kolwazi. Umzekelo: ulawulo lokulondoloza imikhombe (rhino) esengozini eAfrika kuqwalaselwa ngokubanako ukujonga umahluko phakathi komkhombe omhlophe (Ceratotherium simum), nomkhombe omnyama (Diceros bicornis).
Eli gama lithi Etymology lithetha ukuthi, Imvelaphi yegama nokuphuhliswa kwentsingiselo yalo ngokwembali – kwibhayoloji libhekisela kwintsusa yegama lezenzululwazi.
Robbeneiland, eens 'n plek van onderdrukking en verbanning, is nou die tuiste van 'n florerende bevolking van diere en plante en dit is in 1999 tot 'n Unesco Wêrelderfnisgebied verklaar. 'n Aantal gewese politieke gevangenes het 'n diepe verbintenis met die natuur tydens hul gevangeskap op Robbeneiland verklaar. Tafelberg oorkant die Atlantiese waters was vir hulle 'n simbool van hoop en vryheid.
Vandag het die eiland ‘n bevolking van omtrent 200 mense met ‘n kerk, ‘n kliniek, ‘n ontsoutingsaanleg en ‘n mikronet-sonkragaanleg. Ten spyte van Robbeneiland se afstand van die vasteland en florerende biodiversiteit, plaas menslike impak steeds die risiko van ingevoerde spesies, omgewingsverandering, stropery en besoedeling op die eiland.
Ngenye imini kwakusithiwa yindawo yengcinezelo neyobhaco, isiQithi iRobben ngoku likhaya kuninzi lwezilwanyana nezityalo, kwaye yabhengezwa ukuba liNxiwa leLifa kwiHlabathi yi-UNESCO (iUnesco World Heritage Site) ngowe1999. Inani lamabanjwa angaphambili ezopolitiko afumanisa kukho uqhagamshelwano olunzulu nendalo ngethuba beseluvalelweni entolongweni ekwisiQithi iRobben. INtaba yeTafile engaphesheya kwamanzi olwandlekazi iAtlantic yabonakalisa uphawu lethemba nenkululeko.
Kwezi mini zanamhlanje isiqithi sinodumo olukhulu kwaye sinamalunga nabantu abanga 200 abahlala kuso kwane cawe, ikliniki, isitishi sokususwa kwetyuwa nesinendawo yomatshini wamandla wombane ofumanke kwimithat yelanga we micro-grid. Ngaphandle komgama wesiQithi saseRobben Island ukusuka esidikidikeni somhlaba nendawo ekuhlala kuyo izinto eziphilayo eziqhubela phambili zisanda, ifuthe labantu lisayibeka emngciphekweni lokuchazwa kwezinye zeendidi eziphilayo ezikhoyo, utshintsho lwemozulu, ukuloba ngokungekho mthethweni nongcoliseko.
District Six - During the 1970s, over 60 000 of its inhabitants were forcibly removed by the apartheid government, as in many other areas, as part of the Group Areas Act. The demolition of District 6 was famously portrayed in David Kramer and Taliep Petersen's District Six: The Musical, and other plays.
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District Six - Ngeminyaka yangoo 1970, bangaphezulu kwama-60 000 abantu ababehlala khona abafuduswa ngenkani ngurhulumente wocalucalulo, njengezinye iindawo ezininzi, njengenxalenye yomThetho woKuqala wokuHlaliswa kwaBantu ngokwamaQela obuHlanga. Ukuchithwa kwe-District 6 kwabonakaliswa kuwonke wonke ku-David Kramer naku-Taliep Petersen's District Six: KwiiNgoma zemiCulo nakweminye imiDlalo yeQonga.
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Gedurende die 1970’s is meer as 60 000 van sy inwoners met geweld deur die apartheidsregering verwyder, soos in die geval van baie ander areas, in ooreenstemming met die Groepsgebiedewet. Die vernietiging van Distrik Six is op skitterende wyse uitgebeeld in David Kramer en Taliep Petersen se District Six: The Musical en ander toneelstukke.
Badge labels:
The objects that form part of this exhibition play an important role in providing insight into aspects of Nelson Mandela's life and struggles. The badges on display, for example, remind us of his long imprisonment (e.g. Nelson Mandela 27 Years Not Out), of the campaign for his release (e.g. Free Nelson Mandela), and of the historic day on 11 February 1990 that saw him walk out of Victor Verster Prison (e.g. Free at Last). Through these objects we also see how Madiba was viewed abroad, and of the immense international support given to South Africa during the Anti-Apartheid Movement. While these badges help to complement the narrative of the exhibition visually, they also provoke memory and evoke emotion. In this way objects have the ability to present multi-faceted narratives. We are often able to make personal connections to museum objects because we bring our own experiences to them. As we view these objects associated with Madiba, we cannot help but consider how his life has touched ours and how we can contribute to the powerful legacy he has bestowed on our future.
'Free Nelson Mandela’ Badges
In 1980 Oliver Tambo introduced the ‘Free Mandela’ Campaign and soon Nelson Mandela became the international symbol of the anti-apartheid struggle.
Badge: ‘Nelson Mandela 27 Years Not Out’.
Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in prison. He was imprisoned on Robben Island for 18 years and was transferred to Pollsmoor Prison, in Cape Town, in 1982. In 1988 he was transferred to Victor Verster Prison, near Paarl, in the Western Cape.
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Iileyibhuli zomQondiso:
Izinto ezisetyenziswayo eziyinxalenye yalo mboniso zidlala indima ebalulekileyo yokubonelela ngentsingiselo yemiba emalunga nobomi bukaNelson Mandela nemizabalazo yokulwela inkululeko. Imiqondiso ekumboniso, umzekelo isikhumbuza ngokubanjwa nokuhlala kwakhe ixesha elide entolongweni (umz. uNelson Mandela waValelwa imiNyaka engama-27), ukwenziwa kwempembelelo yokukhululwa kwakhe (umz. Khululani uNelson Mandela), nembali yangomhla we 11 Februwari 1990 yokukhululwa kwakhe kwiNtongo yase-Victor Verster (umz. Ekugqibeleni waKhululeka). Ezi zinto zikwasibonisa indlela amazwe aphesheya awayembona ngayo uMadiba, nenkxaso enkulu yamazwe ehlabathi jikelele eyafunyanwa nguMzantsi Afrika ngexesha leNtshukumo yoKulwa uCalucalulo. Ngethuba le miqondiso iluncedo ekuncomeni ibali elibhaliweyo lomboniso elinentsingiselo ngokubonakalayo, iphembelela inkumbulelo kwanokuchukumiseka. Ngoko ke, ezi zinto zinako ukuchaza amabali athetha ngeengxaki ezininzi ezohlukeneyo. Ixesha elininzi sibanako ukuzinxulunamanisa thina buqu nezinto zasemuziyamu kuba sizidibanisa namava wethu. Ngethuba sibona ezi zinto zinxulunyaniswa noMadiba, asinakuzinceda kodwa sinengqiqo yendlela esinemvakalelo ngayo ngobomi bakhe awayebuphila nendlela esinokuthi sibenegalelo ngayo kwilifa elingapheliyo elinamandla kakhulu athe wasishiya nayo ukulungiselela thina kwixesha elizayo.
Imiqondiso ebhalwe ‘Khululani uNelson Mandela’
Ngowe-1980 uOliver Tambo wenza isaziso sePhulo “loKukhululwa kukaNelson Mandela” kwaye kungekudala uNelson Mandela waba luphawu lomzabalazo lokulwa ucalucalulo kumazwe ngamzwe.
Umqondiso: ‘uNelson Mandela waValelwa imiNyaka engama-27’
UNelson Mandela wachitha iminyaka engama-27 esentolongweni. Wavalelwa iminyaka eli-18 kwintolongo yaseRobben Island waza ngowe1982 watshintshelwa kwiNtolongo yasePollsmoor, eKapa. Ngowe-1988 watshintshelwa kwiNtolongo yaseVictor Verster, kufuphi nase Pere, eNtshona Kapa.
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Kentekenetikette:
Die voorwerpe wat deel vorm van hierdie uitstalling speel 'n belangrike rol in die bevordering van insig in aspekte van Nelson Mandela se lewe en stryd. Die kentekens wat vertoon word herinner ons byvoorbeeld aan sy lang gevangenskap (bv. Nelson Mandela 27 Years Not Out), aan die veldtog vir sy vrylating (bv. Free Nelson Mandela), en aan die geskiedkundige dag op 11 Februarie 1990 toe hy by die Victor Verster-gevangenis uitgestap het (bv. Free at Last). Deur hierdie voorwerpe kan ons ook sien hoe Mandela in die buiteland beskou is en die ontsaglike internasionale ondersteuning wat Suid-Afrika gedurende die Anti-apartheidsbeweging ontvang het. Terwyl hierdie kentekens help om die narratief van die uitstalling visueel te komplementeer, wek dit ook herinnering en emosie op. Op hierdie manier kan voorwerpe veelvlakkige narratiewe aanbied. Ons kan dikwels persoonlike konneksies maak met museumvoorwerpe omdat ons ons eie ervarings daarmee kan verbind. Wanneer ons hierdie voorwerpe wat met Madiba geassosieer word, besigtig, kan ons nie help om te dink aan hoe sy lewe ons s’n geraak het en hoe ons in die toekoms 'n bydrae kan maak tot die kragtige nalatenskap wat hy aan ons verleen het nie.
‘Bevry Nelson Mandela’-kentekens
In 1980 het Oliver Tambo die ‘Free Mandela’-veldtog begin en gou het Nelson Mandela die internasionale simbool van die anti-apartheidstryd geword.
Kenteken: ‘Nelson Mandela 27 Jare nie Uit nie’
Nelson Mandela het 27 jaar in die tronk deurgebring. Hy is vir 18 jaar op Robbeneiland aangehou en in 1982 na die Pollsmoor-gevangenis in Kaapstad oorgeplaas. In 1988 is hy oorgeplaas na die Victor Verster-gevangenis naby die Paarl in die Wes-Kaap.
Badge labels:
The objects that form part of this exhibition play an important role in providing insight into aspects of Nelson Mandela's life and struggles. The badges on display, for example, remind us of his long imprisonment (e.g. Nelson Mandela 27 Years Not Out), of the campaign for his release (e.g. Free Nelson Mandela), and of the historic day on 11 February 1990 that saw him walk out of Victor Verster Prison (e.g. Free at Last). Through these objects we also see how Madiba was viewed abroad, and of the immense international support given to South Africa during the Anti-Apartheid Movement. While these badges help to complement the narrative of the exhibition visually, they also provoke memory and evoke emotion. In this way objects have the ability to present multi-faceted narratives. We are often able to make personal connections to museum objects because we bring our own experiences to them. As we view these objects associated with Madiba, we cannot help but consider how his life has touched ours and how we can contribute to the powerful legacy he has bestowed on our future.
African National Congress (ANC) Election Badge: ‘Mandela for President, The People’s Choice’
Nelson Mandela was unanimously elected as president of the ANC at the party’s national conference in Durban on 5 July 1991, succeeding the ailing Oliver Tambo. After the ANC’s victory in the first democratic elections of 1994 Nelson Mandela became South Africa’s first democratically elected President. He was inaugurated as President on 10 May 1991.
Badge: ‘Michigan Labor Welcomes Mandela Freedom Tour 1990’
A badge produced in the US for Nelson Mandela’s trip to Detroit on 28 June 1990. While on a 12 day visit to the US in 1990, Mandela visited the Ford Motor Company’ River Rouge plant in Dearborn, Detroit, to thank members of the United Auto Workers Local 600 for their militant opposition to apartheid.
Badge: ‘Welcome Home Nelson Mandela, Forward to Freedom’ (1990)
Badge: ‘Free at Last, Nelson Mandela’ (1990)
Nelson Mandela was released from Victor Verster Prison on 11 February 1990. He addressed a rally in Cape Town soon after his release. He concluded his address by quoting from his words during the Rivonia Treason Trial of 1964, stating:
“They are true today as they were then”
“I have fought against white domination and I have fought against black domination….”
Badges: ‘Now is the Time!! Mandela!’
Nelson Mandela argued that “Sport has the power to change the world.” He put his weight behind Cape Town’s bid for the 2004 Olympic Games, stating: “Now is the time for Africa to complete the five Olympic rings.” He participated as a torchbearer during the 2004 Olympic torch relay, which visited Robben Island.
Souvenir key-ring badge, Nelson Mandela, 1990s
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Iileyibhuli zomQondiso:
Izinto ezisetyenziswayo eziyinxalenye yalo mboniso zidlala indima ebalulekileyo yokubonelela ngentsingiselo yemiba emalunga nobomi bukaNelson Mandela nemizabalazo yokulwela inkululeko. Imiqondiso ekumboniso, umzekelo isikhumbuza ngokubanjwa nokuhlala kwakhe ixesha elide entolongweni (umz. uNelson Mandela waValelwa imiNyaka engama-27), ukwenziwa kwempembelelo yokukhululwa kwakhe (umz. Khululani uNelson Mandela), nembali yangomhla we 11 Februwari 1990 yokukhululwa kwakhe kwiNtongo yase-Victor Verster (umz. Ekugqibeleni waKhululeka). Ezi zinto zikwasibonisa indlela amazwe aphesheya awayembona ngayo uMadiba, nenkxaso enkulu yamazwe ehlabathi jikelele eyafunyanwa nguMzantsi Afrika ngexesha leNtshukumo yoKulwa uCalucalulo. Ngethuba le miqondiso iluncedo ekuncomeni ibali elibhaliweyo lomboniso elinentsingiselo ngokubonakalayo, iphembelela inkumbulelo kwanokuchukumiseka. Ngoko ke, ezi zinto zinako ukuchaza amabali athetha ngeengxaki ezininzi ezohlukeneyo. Ixesha elininzi sibanako ukuzinxulunamanisa thina buqu nezinto zasemuziyamu kuba sizidibanisa namava wethu. Ngethuba sibona ezi zinto zinxulunyaniswa noMadiba, asinakuzinceda kodwa sinengqiqo yendlela esinemvakalelo ngayo ngobomi bakhe awayebuphila nendlela esinokuthi sibenegalelo ngayo kwilifa elingapheliyo elinamandla kakhulu athe wasishiya nayo ukulungiselela thina kwixesha elizayo.
U-Mqondiso woloNyulo lweAfrican National Congress (ANC): ‘uMandela uza kuba nguMongameli weLizwe, Ngokukhethwa ngaBantu’
Ngomhla we-5 Julayi 1991 uNelson Mandela wonyulwa ngovumelwano lwabantu bonke ukuba abenguMongameli weANC kwinkomfa yombutho wezopolitiko kuzwelonke eyayibanjwe eThekwini, emveni kokophukelwa yimpilo kukaOliver Thambo. Emveni koloyiso lokuphumelela kolonyulo lokuqala lwedemokhrasi ngowe-1994 uNelson Mandela waba nguMongameli wokuqala owonyulwe phantsi kolawulo lwedemokhrasi eMzantsi Afrika. Wabekwa esikhundleni ngokusemthethweni sokuba nguMongameli weLizwe ngomhla we-10 Meyi 1991.
Umqondiso: ‘uMichigan Labor waMkela uKhenketho lweNkululeko kaMandela ngowe-1990’
Umqondiso owathi wenziwa eMelika (US) wohambo lukaNelson Mandela olwalusingise eDetroit ngomhla wama-28 Juni 1990. Ngeli lixa ekutyelelo olweentsuku ezili-12 eMelika (US) ngowe-1990, uMandela watyelela iNkampani eyenza iiMoto yakwaFord kumzimveliso iRiver Rouge eDearborn, eseDetroit ukwenza umbulelelo kumalungu ombutho wbaSebenzi iUnited Auto Workers Local 600 neyalwa njengomkhosi ukuuchasana nocalucalulo.
Umqondiso: ‘Ulwamkelo lukaNelson Mandela eKhaya, Phambili ngeNkululeko’ (1990)
Umqondiso: ‘Ekugqibeleni waKhululwa, uNelson Mandela’ (ngo 1990)
UNelson Mandela wakhululwa kwiNtolongo yaseVictor Verster ngomhla we-11 Februwari 1990. Wenza intetho yakhe kwintlangano eyayibanjwe eKapa nje kungekudala emveni kokukhululwa kwakhe. Wagqibezela intetho yakhe ngokucaphula kumagama wakhe ngexesha leTyala loNgcatso-mbuso laseRivonia ngowe-1964, ethetha esithi:
“Ayinyaniso nanamhlanje nanjengokuba kwakunjalo nangaphambili”
`Ndandisilwa ugonyamelo lwabantu abamhlophe kwanogonyamelo lwabantu abantsundu ….”
Imiqondiso: ‘Ixesha liFikile!! uMandela!’
UNelson Mandela wathetha ephikisa esithi “imiDlalo inamandla kakhulu ekutshintsheni ihlabathi.” Wasebenza ngenkuthalo elungiselela ugqatso lwee Olympic Games ngowa-2004, ethetha esithi: “Ixesha lokugqityezelwa kwemijikelo emihlanu yemidlalo yeOlympics lifiikile ngoku.” Wathatha inxaxheba njengomntu oyinkokheli yenkuthazo kwabanye ebambe itotshi ngexesha lentlangano yemiDlalo yeOlympic ngowe-2004, totshi leyo yajikela nakwiQithi iRobben watsho esithi: “Ngoku ixesha lifikile lokuba eAfrika kugqityezelwe imijikelo emihlanu yeOlympic”
Umqondiso womsesane ekufakwa kuwo isitshixo wesiKhumbuzo (iSouvenir), sikaNelson Mandela ngeminyaka yangowe-1990
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Kentekenetikette:
Die voorwerpe wat deel vorm van hierdie uitstalling speel 'n belangrike rol in die bevordering van insig in aspekte van Nelson Mandela se lewe en stryd. Die kentekens wat vertoon word herinner ons byvoorbeeld aan sy lang gevangenskap (bv. Nelson Mandela 27 Years Not Out), aan die veldtog vir sy vrylating (bv. Free Nelson Mandela), en aan die geskiedkundige dag op 11 Februarie 1990 toe hy by die Victor Verster-gevangenis uitgestap het (bv. Free at Last). Deur hierdie voorwerpe kan ons ook sien hoe Mandela in die buiteland beskou is en die ontsaglike internasionale ondersteuning wat Suid-Afrika gedurende die Anti-apartheidsbeweging ontvang het. Terwyl hierdie kentekens help om die narratief van die uitstalling visueel te komplementeer, wek dit ook herinnering en emosie op. Op hierdie manier kan voorwerpe veelvlakkige narratiewe aanbied. Ons kan dikwels persoonlike konneksies maak met museumvoorwerpe omdat ons ons eie ervarings daarmee kan verbind. Wanneer ons hierdie voorwerpe wat met Madiba geassosieer word, besigtig, kan ons nie help om te dink aan hoe sy lewe ons s’n geraak het en hoe ons in die toekoms 'n bydrae kan maak tot die kragtige nalatenskap wat hy aan ons verleen het nie.
African National Congress (ANC) Verkiesingskenteken:
‘Mandela vir President, Die Mense se Keuse’.
Nelson Mandela is op 5 Julie 1991 tydens die ANC se nasionale kongres in Durban eenparig tot president van die ANC verkies in opvolging van die sieklike Oliver Tambo. Na die ANC se oorwinning in die eerste demokratiese verkiesings van 1994 het Nelson Mandela Suid-Afrika se eerste demokraties-verkose President geword. Hy is op 10 Mei 1994 as President ingehuldig.
Kenteken: ‘Michigan Arbeid Verwelkom Mandela Vryheidstoer 1990’
'n Kenteken wat in die VSA vervaardig is vir Nelson Mandela se reis na Detroit op 28 Junie 1990. Gedurende 'n 12 dae lange besoek aan die VSA in 1990 het Mandela die Ford Motormaatskappy se fabriek te Rivier Rouge in Dearborn, Detroit, besoek om lede van die Verenigde Motorwerkers Plaaslik 600 te bedank vir hul militante teenstand teen apartheid.
Kenteken: ‘Welkom Tuis Nelson Mandela, Voorwaarts na Vryheid’ (1990)
Kenteken: ‘Uiteindelik Vry, Nelson Mandela’ (1990)
Nelson Mandela is op 11 Februarie uit die Victor Verster-gevangenis vrygelaat. Hy het kort na sy vrylating 'n massabyeenkoms in Kaapstad toegespreek. Hy het sy toespraak afgesluit met 'n aanhaling uit sy woorde tydens die Rivonia-hoogverraadhofsaak van 1964:
“Dit is vandag net so waar soos destyds.”
“Ek het geveg teen wit oorheersing en ek het geveg teen swart oorheersing….”
Kentekens: ‘Nou is die Tyd!! Mandela!'
Nelson Mandela het geargumenteer: “Sport het die vermoë om die wêreld te verander.” Hy het sy gewig agter Kaapstad se bod vir die 2004 Olimpiese Spele ingegooi en gesê: “Nou is die tyd vir Afrika om die vyf Olimpiese sirkels te voltooi.” Hy het as 'n fakkeldraer deelgeneem aan 2004 se Olimpiese fakkelaflos wat Robbeneiland besoek het.
Physical exhibition
Charlene Janion-Scheepers, Nokuthula Nhleko - Project management and curation
Amy Sephton - Exhibition design
Nolwandle Matitibala - Exhibition installation coordination
Pascal Pearce, Stanley Fatyela, Morgan Andrews, Neil Julius - Exhibition installation
Asma Damon - Administrative assistant
Llelani Coetzer, Louis Jonk, Tiffany Wynford, Phumezo Nduzunga, Megan Shipton, Bianca Jooste - Iziko interns
Ingrid Masondo, Andrea Lewis, Hayden Proud, Gerald Klinghardt, Wendy Black, Esther Esmyol, Denise Hamerton, Simon van Noort, Claire Browning, Roger Smith, Dylan Clarke,
Eugene Bergh, Wayne Florence - Multidisciplinary curatorial input
Nkosinathi Gumede, Sepadi Moruthane, Lailah Hisham, Tessa Davids, Fatima February, Janine van Wyk, Bradley Mottie, Jofred Opperman, Albé Bosman,
Aisha Mayekiso, Zaituna Skosan (neé Erasmus) - Collection objects and conservation
We would especially like to thank:
The South African Department of Arts and Culture
Erhardt Thiel - iMadiba creator and artist
The iMadiba artwork was made possible through Satrix
The Nelson Mandela Foundation and Ogilvy & Mather Johannesburg - There’s a Madiba in you (composed by Kidwithamatch@Biblo.tv)
This film was made possible by Phillips.
Media24 - Mandela 100 site
Additional assistance and expertise:
SANBI – Anthony Magee
Reneé Swart – illustration
Bewilder (www.bewilder.tv)
Specimen donors:
SANBI (Strelitzia reginae)
Dr John Rogers (geological object)
Online exhibition
Melissa Boonzaaier-Davids, Terry Reynolds Berry, Jyothi Kara - Project management
Amy Sephton, Nkosingiphile Mazibuko, Sesethu Coto - Graphic design
Thandi Nqubelani - Educational input
Bradley Mottie, Janine van Wyk, Jofred Opperman, Esther Esmoyl, Angela Zehnder, Sameer Sirkoth, Shanaaz Galant - Collection objects and conservation
Nolwandle Matitibala, Pascal Pearce, Morgan Andrews - Exhibition display
Claire Browning, Charlene Janion-Scheepers - Virtual exhibition support
We would especially like to thank:
The Zamani Project - Virtual tour developer
Max Reloaded Digital Entertainment - Video design and edits
Felicity’s Alterations - Additional assistance
Ants – Hamish Robertson
Australopicus nelsonmandelai – 2012 copyright Society of Vertebrate Paleontology (authors Albrecht Manegold & Antoine Louchart)
Bana madiba - Jason Londt
Belesica madiba - Simon van Noort
Bugula neritina – Melissa Boonzaaier-Davids
Capederces madibai –Simon van Noort
Carebara madibai - Georg Fischer and Frank Azorsa
Chaperiopsis multifida – Piotr Kulinski
Gephyrophora polymorpha- Piotr Kulinski
Mandelia mirocornata - Wilhelm van Zyl (Creative Commons License)
Microporella madiba – Wayne K. Florence
Protea cynaroides – Da Legend (Creative Commons License)
Seaslugs – Terry Gosliner
Springtails – Andy Murray
Stasimopus mandelai – 2004 copyright Magnolia Press (authors Brent Hendrixson & Alexander Bond)
Strelitzia reginae - Andrew Massyn (Creative Commons License)
Triacanthella madiba - Louis Deharveng
Vulcanobatrachus mandelai – 2005 copyright Society of Vertebrate Paleontology (authors Linda Trueb, Callum Ross & Roger Smith)
Rodger Bosch (1966 - )
Photograph of Nelson Mandela
SH 2016/48
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Rodger Bosch (1966 - )
Ifoto kaNelson Mandela
SH 2016/48
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Rodger Bosch (1966 - )
Foto van Nelson Mandela
SH 2016/48
Bob Gosani (1934 – 1972)
Nelson Mandela sparring with professional boxer Jerry Moloi on the rooftop of a building in downtown Johannesburg, 1950s.
Silver print
SANG 90/133-6
“I did not enjoy the violence of boxing so much as the science of it. I was intrigued by how one moved one’s body to protect oneself, how one used a strategy both to attack and retreat, how one paced oneself over a match”
- Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, 1994.
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Bob Gosani (1934 – 1972)
U-Nelson Mandela uqokozana nentshatsheli engumdlali wamanqindi uJerry Moloi behleli phezu kophahla lwesakhiwo esisembindini wedolophu eRhawutini, ngeminyaka yangowama 1950.
Ushicilelo olubhalwe ngeSilivere
SANG 90/133-6
“Zange ndibuchwayitele ubudlobongela bokuba ndibe ngumdlali wamanqindi njengobuchule benzululwazi yabo. Into eyayisenza umtsalane yindlela osebenzisa ngayo umzimba wakho ukuze uzikhusele, indlela athi umntu asebenzisa ngayo ubuchule bokubetha omnye nokuhlehla, indlela umntu awayesebenzisa ngayo isantya sakhe xa kuqhubeba umdlalo wamanqindi”
- Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, 1994.
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Bob Gosani (1934 – 1972)
Nelson Mandela skerm met die professionele bokser Jerry Moloi op die dak van ‘n gebou in die middestad van Johannesburg, 1950’s.
Silwer afdruk
SANG 90/133-6
“Ek het nie die geweld van boks soveel geniet soos die wetenskap daarvan nie. Ek was gefassineer deur hoe 'n mens jou liggaam kon beweeg om jou te beskerm, hoe 'n mens 'n strategie kon gebruik beide om aan te val en om terug te staan; hoe 'n mens jou pas moes aanpas in die loop van 'n wedstryd”
- Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, 1994.
Ixesha selifikile kwizisombululo zeAfro-centric
Yintoni enkwenza ubeyinkokheli enkulu?
Indlela ende eya empumelelweni yomama namantombazana eMzantsi Afrika
Die tyd is ryp vir Afro-sentriese oplossings
Wat maak 'n goeie leier?
Die lang stap na vryheid vir vroue en meisies in Suid-Afrika
Indlela ende eya empumelelweni yomama namantombazana eMzantsi Afrika
Die lang stap na vryheid vir vroue en meisies in Suid-Afrika
The skull of a South African fur seal – Arctocephalus pusillus
Also known as the Cape fur seal. It is a common species in southern African waters. South African fur seals usually feed on fish and other marine invertebrates, and in some areas their diets also include the African penguin. Historically, the uncontrolled exploitation (culling) of this species for their fur threatened their survival. In 1893 they were protected by an Act of the Cape Parliament and harvesting was controlled until 1990 when it was prohibited. This resulted in the recovery of the populations.
SAM-ZM-034757
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Ukhakhayi lwenja yolwandle enoboya yaseMzantsi Afrika – iArctocephalus pusillus
Neyaziwa ngokuba yinja yolwandle enoboya yaseKapa. Ludidi oluxhaphakileyo kumanzi akuMzantsi weLizwekazi laseAfrika. Izinja zolwandle ezinoboya zaseMzantsi Afrika ngokwesiqhelo zitya intlanzi nezinye izilwanyana ezinganamqolo zaselwandle, kwezinye iindawo ukutya kwazo ezikutyayo kuquka unombombiya waseAfrika. Ngokwembali, ukusetyenziswa kwezi ndidi zezinto eziphilayo ngendlela engelawulekiyo (ukukhethwa) ngenxa yoboya bazo kwabayintsongelo ekuphileni kwazo kakuhle. Ngowe-1893 zakhuselwa ngumThetho wePalamente yaseKapa nokuvuna nako kwabaphantsi kolawulo de kwafikelela unyaka wangowe-1990 apho kwathi kwathintelwa. Oku kwabanesiphumo sokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo koninzi lwazo.
SAM-ZM-034757
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Die skedel van ʼn Suid-Afrikaanse pelsrob – Arctocephalus pusillus
Ook bekend as die Kaapse pelsrob. Dit is ʼn bekende spesie in die waters van suidelike Afrika. Suid-Afrikaanse pelsrobbe vreet vis en ander ongewerweldes, en in party areas sluit hul dieet ook die Afrika-pikkewyn in. Geskiedkundig het die onbeheerde vangery van die spesie vir hul pels hul oorlewing bedreig. In 1893 is hulle beskerm deur ʼn wet van die Kaapse Parlement en vangs is beheer tot 1990 toe dit verbied is. Dit het gelei tot die herstel van die bevolking.
SAM-ZM-034757
Limestone
Mining of limestone on Robben Island started in the 17th century and continued until the early 1990’s. Forced labour and prisoners were historically used in mining the quarry. Limestone from the island has primarily been used in the construction of roads on the island and in building material for Cape Town.
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Ilitye lekalika
Ukombiwa kwelitye lekalika kwisiQithi iRobben kwaqalisa kumakhulu eminyaka eli-17 kwaza kwaqhubekeka de kwafikelela kwiminyaka yangowe-1990. Ubukhoboka bokunyanzeliswa ngomsebenzi nembali yokusetyenziswa kwamabanjwa kwindawo ekwambiwa kuwo amatye. Ilitye lekalika lesiQithi iRobben Island ikakhulu lalisetyenziselwa ukwakha iindlela esiqithini kwanezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo zokwakha eKapa.
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Kalkgesteente
Die myn van kalksteen op Robbeneiland het in die 17de eeu begin en voortgeduur tot die vroeë 1990’s. Gedwonge arbeid en gevangenes is in die verlede gebruik om die steengroef te ontgin. Kalksteen van die eiland is hoofsaaklik gebruik in die bou van paaie op die eiland en in boumateriaal vir Kaapstad.
The sand rain frog – Breviceps rosei
This is a specimen from the research wet collections, preserved in ethanol. This frog cannot swim and is adverse to water. They live in underground chambers in sandy soils under plant litter. The tadpoles develop in
jelly-like capsules surrounding the eggs laid in the chamber and ‘hatch’ as minute fully formed frogs. When alarmed they inflate their bodies into a ball often surprising gardeners when they disturb their chambers under leaf litter.
SAM-ZR-0437314
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Isele elihlala phantsi kwesanti emanzi (i-sand rain frog) – Breviceps rosei
Yimizekelo yeendidi ezifunyaniswe kuphando lweziqokelelweyo kwiindawo ezimanzi, ezigcinwe kwiithanoli. Eli sele alikwazi ukudada kwaye alivumelani namanzi. Ahlala kwimijelo ephantsi komhlaba kwimihlaba yesanti phantsi kwamahlahla ezityalo. Oonojubalala benzeka babe zizingxobo ezinyibilikayo ezityhengetyhenge ezijikekeleza amaqanda kwindawo leyo ‘kwaye aqandusele’ njengamasele amancinane ngokugqibeleleyo. Xa ephazanyiswa afihla imizmba yawo ngaphakathi emizimbeni yawo ayenze ibe yibhola kwaye ixesha elininzi othusa abantu abasebenza ezitiyeni xa bephazamisa iindawo zawo ahlala kuzo ngaphantsi kwamahlahla amagqabi.
SAM-ZR-0437314
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Die sandreënpadda – Breviceps rosei
Dit is ʼn spesie uit die nat versamelings, gepreserveer in etanol. Hierdie paddas kan nie swem nie en is ongunstig vir water. Hulle leef in ondergrondse kamers in sanderige grond onder verrottende blare. Die paddavissies ontwikkel in jellieagtige kapsules om die eiers wat in die kamer gelê is en ‘broei uit’ as klein volledig gevormde paddatjies. Wanneer hulle versteur word, blaas hulle hul lywe in balle op wat dikwels tuiniers verras wanneer hulle hul kamers onder verrottende blare versteur.
SAM-ZR-0437314
Kelp – Ecklonia maxima
The shallow waters off Robben Island are characterized by Kelp forests. These underwater forests are among the most productive ecosystems in the world; they provide food and shelter for a variety of invertebrates and fish that may be harvested commercially. The dried kelp vuvuzela shown here was created by school learners under the mentorship of Iziko’s educators in preparation of the 2010 Soccer World Cup held in South Africa.
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Indawo eshinyeneyo – I-Ecklonia maxima
Amanzi anganzulwanga esiQithi iRobben abonakaliswa ngamahlathi ashinyeneyo. La mahlathi aphantsi kolwandle ngamanye weendawo ekuhlala kuzo izinto eziphilayo ezinemveliso kwihlabathi liphela; ziluncedo ngokubonelela ngokutya nendawo yokuhlala kwiindidi ezininzi nezohlukeneyo zezilwanyana ezingenamqolo kwanentlanzi enokulotywa ngeenjongo zorhwebo. Indawo eshinyeneyo eyomileyo ye vuvuzela ebonakaliswa apha yenziwa ngabantwana besikolo phantsi koncedo lwenkxaso yabacebisi abangabahlohli beIziko ukulungiselela uMdlalo weNdebe yeHlabathi weBhola eKhatywayo wango 2010 (2010 Soccer World Cup) owabanjwa eMzantsi Afrika.
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Kelp – Ecklonia maxima
Die vlak water om Robbeneiland word gekenmerk deur kelpwoude. Hierdie onderwaterse woude is onder die mees produktiewe ekostelsels in die wêreld; hulle verskaf kos en skuiling aan ʼn verskeidenheid ongewerweldes en vis wat kommersieel geoes kan word. Die gedroogde kelp-vuvuzela wat hier gewys word, is gemaak deur skoolleerlinge onder die mentorskap van Iziko se opvoeders in voorbereiding vir die Sokker-Wêreldbekerwedstryd wat in 2010 in Suid-Afrika gehou is.
T-shirt, printed to commemorate Nelson Mandela’s release from prison, 11 February 1990.
Purchased in Cape Town, 1990.
Accession number SAM-AE 13752
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Ihempe, eprintiweyo yesikhumbuzo sikaNelson Mandela ekukhululweni kwakhe entolongweni, ngomhla we-11 Februwari 1990.
Yathengwa eKapa, ngowe-1990.
Inombolo yeqela lezinto eziqokelelweyo SAM-AE 13752
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T-hemp, gedruk om Nelson Mandela se vrylating uit die tronk te herdenk, 11 Februarie 1990.
Aangekoop in Kaapstad, 1990.
Aanwinsnommer SAM-AE 13752
Yintoni enkwenza ubeyinkokheli enkulu?
Thembu head ornament, worn by middle-aged or older men, from Engcobo, Eastern Cape.
Purchased from S. Long, August 1987.
Accession number SAM-AE 13142
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Isihombiso esinxitywa entloko sabaThembu, esasinxitywa ngamadoda asele ekhulile okanye amaxhego, aseNgcobo, eMpuma Kapa.
Yathengwa ku S. Long, ngoAgasti 1987.
Inombolo yeqela lezinto eziqokelelweyo SAM-AE 13142
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Thembu hoofversiering, gedra deur middeljarige of ouer mans, van Engcobo, Oos-Kaap.
Aangekoop van S. Long, Augustus 1987.
Aanwinsnommer SAM-AE 13142
Prisoner's plate, from Robben Island Prison, in wood and wire presentation packaging. An inscription on the back of the plate includes the following: "Through this plate, we remember that once, on Robben Island, people were classified and divided by issues as basic as the food they were given. And how, by refusing their plates, by standing together in equality, they brought about a new order of democracy, tolerance and human rights".
Presented by Professor B. Warner, 1997.
Accession number SAM-AE 14776
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Ipleyithi yebanjwa, leNtolongo yesiNqithi iRobben , eyenziwe ngeplanga nocingo. Umbhalo ongasemva kwipleyiti uquka oku kulandelayo: “Ngale pleyiti, sikhumbula ukuba ngenye imini, isiNqithi iRobben, apho abantu babehlelwa kwaye bohlulahlulwe ngokwemiba esisiseko yokutya ababekunikwa. Kwaye oko kwenzeka njani, ngokwala ukuthatha iipleyiti zabo zokutya, ngokuma kwabo bonke ngokulinganayo, bazisa umthetho omtsha wolawulo lwedemokhrasi, inzondelelo namalungelo wabantu.”
Ngokuchazwa nguNjingalwazi B. Warner, 1997.
Inombolo yeqela lezinto eziqokelelweyo SAM-AE 14776
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Gevangene se bord, van Robbeneiland-gevangenis, in verpakking van hout en draad. ʼn Inskripsie op die rugkant van die bord sluit die volgende in: "Deur hierdie bord onthou ons dat mense op Robbeneiland op ʼn stadium geklassifiseer en vedeel is volgens kwessies so basies soos die kos wat hulle ontvang het. En hoe hulle deur te weier om hulle borde te aanvaar, deur saam te staan in gelykheid, ʼn nuwe bestel van demokrasie, verdraagsaamheid en menseregte teweeggebring het".
Geskenk deur Professor B. Warner, 1997.
Aanwinsnommer SAM-AE 14776
Thembu necklet, worn by both sexes, but especially by older men, from Engcobo, Eastern Cape.
Purchased from S. Long, August 1989.
Accession number SAM-AE 13118
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Intsimbi enxitywa emqaleni yabaThembu, eyayinxitywa ngamabhinqa namadoda, kodwa inxitywa kakhulu ngamadoda asele ekhulile, aseNgcobo, eMpuma Kapa.
Yathengwa ku S. Long, ngoAgasti 1989.
Inombolo yeqela lezinto eziqokelelweyo SAM-AE 13118
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Thembu halssnoer, gedra deur beide geslagte, maar veral deur ouer mans, van Engcobo, Oos-Kaap.
Aangekoop van S. Long, Augustus 1989.
Aanwinsnommer SAM-AE 13118
Carved dancing stick covered with beads, Eastern Cape.
Presented by T. Ammermann, 1991.
Accession number SAM-AE 14112
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Intonga engumfanekiso oqingqiweyo eqoqwe ngeentsimbi, eMpuma Kapa.
Ukwaziswa ngu T. Ammermann, 1991.
Inobolo yeqela lezinto eziqokelelweyo SAM-AE 14112
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Gesnyde dansstaf met kralewerk, Oos-Kaap.
Geskenk deur T. Ammermann, 1991.
Aanwinsnommer SAM-AE 14112
Xhosa tobacco bag, from the Centani district, Eastern Cape.
Heavy cotton cloth, with narrow black bands appliqued, decorated with beadwork.
Presented by P. Mann, January 1990.
Accession number SAM-AE 13701
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Ingxowa yeCuba lesiXhosa, esuka kummandla wakuCentani, eMpuma Kapa.
Isambatho esinzima esenziwe ngelaphu lomqhaphu, elinamalaphu athungelwe kuso anemigca emnyama emincinane, elihonjiswe ngeentsimbi.
Ukwaziswa ngu P. Mann, Janyuwari / kweyoMqungu 1990.
Inombolo yeqela lezinto eziqokelelweyo SAM-AE 13701
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Xhosa tabaksak, van die Centani-distrik, Oos-Kaap.
Swaar katoendoek, met smal swart stroke geapplikeer, versier met kralewerk.
Geskenk deur P. Mann, Januarie 1990.
Aanwinsnommer SAM-AE 13701
South African Department of Correctional services
The Treatment of Sentenced Prisoners in South African Prisons.
Video produced by the South African Department of Correctional Services, c. 1980s-90s.
Unaccessioned Social History display material, 1990.
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I-Sebe leeNkonzo zoLuleko laseMzantsi Afrika
Unyango lwamaBanjwa aGwetyiweyo kwiiNtolongo zaseMzantsi Afrika.
Ividiyo eyenziwe liSebe leeNkonzo zoLuleko laseMzantsi Afrika, c. 1980s-90s.
Iqela lezinto ezingazange ziqokelelwe zeMbali yeNtlalo, ngo-1990.
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Suid-Afrikaanse Departement van Korrektiewe Dienste
The Treatment of Sentenced Prisoners in South African Prisons.
Video geproduseer deur die Suid-Afrikaanse Departement van Korrektiewe Dienste, c. 1980s-90s.
Ongekatalogiseerde vertoonware van Maatskaplike Geskiedenis, 1990.
The South African Post Office and the Nelson Mandela Foundation
Stamp launched to commemorate the life and legacy of the late Nelson Mandela, the first to be issued since he passed away on 5 December 2013. It was released on 11 February 2014 – exactly 24 years since Mandela’s release from Victor Verster Prison in Cape Town on 11 February 1990 – as part of a philatelic souvenir folder containing a high-quality miniature sheet depicting Mandela along with a brief summary of his life history.
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Die Suid-Afrikaanse Poskantoor en die Nelson Mandela Stigting
Seël bekendgestel om die lewe en nalatenskap van wyle Nelson Mandela te herdenk; die eerste uitgawe sedert hy op 5 Desember 2013 gesterf het. Dit is bekendgestel op 11 Februarie 2014 – presies 24 jaar na Mandela se vrylating uit die Victor Verster-tronk op 11 February 1990 – as deel van ʼn aandenkingsversameling van posseëls met ʼn miniatuurblad van hoë gehalte wat Mandela uitbeeld saam met ʼn kort opsomming van sy lewensgeskiedenis.
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IPosi yaseMzantsi Afrika noMbutho owaSekwa nguNelson Mandela (iNelson Mandela Foundation)
Ukwenziwa kwempembelelo yokwaziswa kweStampu sesikhumbuzo sobomi belifa elingapheliyo likaNelson Mandela owasishiyayo, sesokuqala ukukhutshwa ukususela emveni kokuba wasishiya ngomhla wesi-5 Disemba 2013. Saziswa ngomhla we-11 Februwari 2014 – ngokuthe ngqo kwixesha leminyaka engama-24 ukususela ekubeni uMandela ekhululiwe kwiNtolongo yaseVictor Verster eKapa ngomhla we--11 Februwari 1990 – njengenxalenye yoqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha esikhumbuzo kuqokelelo lwezitampu esiqulatha iphepha elinemifanekiso emincinane elibonakalisa uMandela kunye nenkcazelo emfutshane ngembali yobomi bakhe.
Bodice, designed by Cheryl Arthur for the SA Audi Fashion Show in 1998, and made of ANC commemorative cloth with an image of Nelson Mandela.
Purchased in Cape Town, 1998.
Accession number SAM-AE 14872
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Ilokhwe yamabhinqa enomntla wesifuba esivalekileyo (iBodice), eyayilwa nguCheryl Arthur kumBoniso weFashoni iSA Audi Fashion Show ngowe-1998, kwaye yenziwe ngelaphu lesikhumbuzo seANC elinomfanekiso kaNelson Mandela.
Yathengwa eKapa, ngowe-1998.
Inombolo yezinto eziqokelelweyo SAM-AE 14872
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Bostuk, ontwerp deur Cheryl Arthur vir die SA Audi Modevertoning in 1998, en gemaak van ANC- herdenkingsmateriaal met ʼn beeld van Nelson Mandela.
Aangekoop in Kaapstad, 1998.
Aanwinsnommer SAM-AE 14872
Girl's dress, designed by Mnandi Textiles & Design and made of fashionable isishweshwe cloth.
Purchased in Cape Town, 2014.
Accession number SH 2015/1
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Ilokhwe yamantombazana, eyilwe nguMnandi Textiles & Design neyenziwe ngelaphu lesishweshwe elisefashonini.
Yathengwa eKapa, ngowe-2014.
Inombolo yezinto eziqokelelweyo SH 2015/1
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Rok vir ʼn dogter, ontwerp deur Mnandi Textiles & Design en gemaak van modieuse isishweshwe- materiaal.
Aangekoop in Kaapstad, 2014.
Aanwinsnommer SH 2015/1
T-shirt commemorating the release of Nelson Mandela from prison in 1990.
Purchased by P. Davison from the Federation of South African Women, June 1990.
Accession number SAM-AE 13802
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Ihempe, eprintiweyo yesikhumbuzo sikaNelson Mandela ekukhululweni kwakhe entolongweni, ngomhla we-11 Februwari 1990.
Yathengwa ngu P. Davison weFederation of South African Women (nongumButho woManyano lwamaKhosikazi waseMzantsi Afrika, ngoJuni 1990.
Inombolo yeqela lezinto eziqokelelweyo SAM-AE 13802
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T-hemp wat hulde bring aan die vrylating van Nelson Mandela uit die tronk in 1990.
Aangekoop deur P. Davison van die Federation of South African Women, Junie 1990.
Aanwinsnommer SAM-AE 13802
Free Mandela.
Video directed by Barry Feinberg and produced by the International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa, London, 1988.
Unaccessioned Social History display material, 1990.
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Khululani uMandela.
Ividiyo eyayiququzelelwa nguBarry Feinberg yaza yalungiselelwa upapasho yi-International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa (nengabezoKhuseleko kwiHlabathi nabeNgxowa-mali yoNcedo eMazantsi eZwekazi iAfrika, eLondon, ngowe 1998.
Iqela lezinto ezingazange ziqokelelwe zeMbali yeNtlalo, ngowe-1990.
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Bevry Mandela.
Video geredigeer deur Barry Feinberg en geproduseer deur die Internasionale Verdedigings- en Hulpfonds vir Suider-Afrika, Londen, 1988.
Ongekatalogiseerde vertoonware van Maatskaplike Geskiedenis, 1990.
"It was precisely because he could admit to imperfection - because he could be so full of good humour, even mischief, despite the heavy burdens he carried - that we loved him so. He was not a bust made of marble; he was a man of flesh and blood - a son and husband, a father and a friend. That is why we learned so much from him; that is why we can learn from him still. For nothing he achieved was inevitable. In the arc of his life, we see a man who earned his place in history through struggle and shrewdness; persistence and faith. He tells us what's possible not just in the pages of dusty history books, but in our own lives as well."
- President Barack Obama, Eulogy for Nelson Mandela, 10 December 2013.
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"Kungenxa yokwamkela iziphene zakhe – kungenxa yokuba wayengumntu oliqhula kakhulu, kwaye enentlonti, nangona wayethwele imithwalo enzima nje – kungenxa yoko ukuba simthande kangaka. Wayengengomfanekiso oqiqingqiweyo wentloko namagxa owenziwe ngelitye lenyengane; wayeyindoda eyenziwe ngenyama negazi – engunyana nomyeni, engutata ekwangumhlobo. Kungoko ke sifunde lukhulu kuye; nanamhlanje sisafunda kuye. Akukho nto ingaqhelekanga awathi wayifezekisa. Kwindima yobomi bakhe, sibona indoda eyathi yafumana indawo yayo kwimbali ngokulwa umzabalazo ngobulumko; ngokufunga angajiki nokubanethemba. Usixelela ngezinto ezinokwenzeka hayi kumaphepha weencwadi zembali ezimgqubagqubane kuphela, kodwa nasebomini bethu."
- UMongameli Barack Obama, ubhiyozela uNelson Mandela, ngomhla we-10 Disemba 2013.
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"Dit is juis omdat hy imperfeksie kon erken – omdat hy so vol goeie humor, selfs ondeundheid, was, ten spyte van die swaar laste wat hy gedra het – dat ons so lief vir hom was. Hy was nie 'n borsbeeld van marmer gemaak nie; hy was 'n mens van vlees en bloed – 'n seun en 'n eggenoot, 'n vader en 'n vriend. Dit is waarom ons so baie van hom geleer het; dit is waarom ons nog steeds van hom kan leer. Want niks wat hy bereik het, was onvermydelik nie. In die omvang van sy lewe sien ons 'n man wat sy plek in die geskiedenis verdien het deur stryd en skerpsinnigheid; deursettingsvermoë en geloof. Hy vertel vir ons wat moontlik is nie net in die bladsye van stowwerige geskiedenisboeke nie, maar ook in ons eie lewens."
- President Barack Obama, lofrede vir Nelson Mandela, 10 Desember 2013.
Erhardt Thiel (1968- )
iMadiba #9.
2018
Wood, Steel and Cement
Made possible by Satrix.
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Erhardt Thiel (1968-)
iMadiba #9.
2018
Umthi, intsimbi kunye nesamente
Ikwaxhaswe yi-Satrix
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Erhardt Thiel (1968- )
iMadiba #9.
2018
Hout, staal en sement
Moontlik gemaak deur Satrix.